JDLDIERf  ALL 

PORTRAITS  AND  vTKETCHEvf  O] 
THE  MEN  OF  THE  A-E  F- 


•>      -3 


\. 


CAase 


DISTINGUISHED  SERVICE 
MEDAL 


DISTINGUISHED  SERVICE 
CROSS 


MEDAL  OF 
HONOR 


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CROSS 


JDLDIERT  ALL 

PORTRAITS  AND  JTCETCHEvT  OF 
THE  MEN  OF  THE  A  E  F 


by 


Cfiase 


NEW    ^S4T   YORK 

GEORGE  H  DORAN  COMB^NY 


- 


COPYRIGHT,  1920 
BY  JOSEPH  CUMMINGS  CHASE 


PRINTED  IN  THE  UNITED  STATES  OF  AMERICA 


DEDICATED  TO 

THE  MEN  WHO  WERE  AWARDED 

THE  DISTINGUISHED   SERVICE  CROSS 

BUT  WHO   DID  NOT  LIVE  TO   KNOW  IT 


WAH    PLANS     DIVISION 

WAR     DEPARTMENT 
OFFICE    OF    THE    CHIEF    OF    STAFF 

WASHINGTON 


The  portraits  of  American  soldiers,  -  ranging  from  general  to 
private,  -  painted  by  Joseph  Cumndngs  Chase,    constitute  a  valuable 
and  unique  addition  to  the  Official  pictorial  record  of  the  war. 
Mr«   Chase  was  authorized  by  the  War  Department  to  go  overseas  with 
the  purpose  of  carrying  out  this  commission,   and  the  unusual  facil- 
ities placed  at  his  disposal  by  the   A.  E.   F.  enabled  him  to  obtain 
likenesses  of  our  more  distinguished  soldiers,  and  to   furnish  copico 
for  the  permanent  files  of  the  General  Staff.     More  than  any  American 
artist  has  he  succeeded  in  preserving  the  likenesses  of  the  foremost 
officers  and  men  of  the  A*  &•   F«,  •  a  task  that  was  made  possible  by 
the  personal  interest  of  General  Pershing. 


C.  W.  WEEKS 

Colonel,   General   Staff. 
Chief,   Historical  Branch. 


CONTENTS 

SOLDIERS  ALL  — A  FOREWORD      .... 
THE  ARMY  CORPS  AND  DIVISION  ASSIGNMENTS 
THE  THIRTEEN  MAJOR  OPERATIONS  . 
AMERICAN  MILITARY  DECORATIONS   . 
PORTRAITS  AND  BIOGRAPHICAL  SKETCHES: 


ADAMS,  HARRY  J 

ALEXANDER,  ROBERT  .   .   . 

ALLEN,  HENRY  T 

ANDREWS,  AVERY  D.      .      .      . 
ATKINSON,   RALPH     .      .      .      . 
ATTERBURY,  WILLIAM  W. 
BAILEY,   CHARLES   J.      .      .      . 

BAKER,  BURTON  M 

BARNWELL,  NATHANIEL   B.    . 
BASKERVILLE,  CHARLES,  JR.  . 

BELL,  GEORGE,  JR 

BENSON,  PHILIP 

BETHEL,  WALTER   A.      .      .      . 
BINKLEY,  DAVID        .... 

BLISS,   TASKER  H 

BOYD,    CARL 

BRADLEY,  PAUL  W 

BROCKI,  MIECZYSLAW  .   .   . 
BROWN,  PRESTON   .   .   .   . 

BROWN,  ROSCOE  D 

BULLARD,  ROBERT  I 

BUNCH,  HENRY  E 

BURR,  GEORGE  E 

CAMERON,  CHARLES   .   .   . 
CAMPBELL,  DOUGLAS  .   .   . 

CARNEY,  FRED 

CONGER,  ARTHUR  L.   .   .   . 

CONNER,  FOX 

CRAIG,  MALIN 

CRONKHITE,  ADELBERT  .   . 
DASCH,  CARL  W 


Sergeant 

Major  General 

Major  General 

Brigadier   General 

Sergeant 

Brigadier   General 

Major   General 

Private 

Lieutenant   Colonel 

First   Lieutenant    . 

Major  General 

First   Lieutenant    . 

Brigadier   General 

Sergeant 

General 

Colonel 

Corporal 

Corporal 

Brigadier   General 

Major    .... 

Lieutenant  General 

Major    .      .      .    .  . 

Sergeant 

Private 

Captain 

Private 

Colonel 

Brigadier   General 

Brigadier    General 

Major    General 

Private 


PAGE 

.  15 
.  35 
.  38 
.  39 


.  91 

.  163 

.  167 

.  431 

.  207 

.  367 

.  263 

.  381 

.  479 

.  235 

.  171 

.  213 

.  259 

.  159 

.  77 

.  33 

.  271 

.  189 

.  55 

.  479 

.  144 

.  441 

.  112 

.  95 

.  192 

.  317 

.  477 

.  239 

.  469 

.  320 

.  419 


SOLDIERS    ALL 


PORTRAITS  AND  BIOGRAPHICAL  SKETCHES: 


DAVIS,  ROBERT  C.      .      .  . 

DAWSON,  CLARENCE  W.  . 

DEVEREAUX,  HAROLD  J.  . 

DICKMAN,  JOSEPH  T.      .  . 

DOUGHERTY,  H.   C.    .      .  . 

DUGAN,  THOMAS   B.        .  . 

DUNCAN,  GEORGE   B.      .  . 

EDWARDS,  CLARENCE   R.  . 

EGGERS,  ALAN   LOUIS    .  . 

ELLIS,  MICHAEL  B.   .      .  . 

ELTINGE,   LE  ROY      .      .  . 

ELY,  HANSON  E 

FALLAW,  THOMAS  H.      .  . 

FERGUSON,  DOUGALD    .  . 

FISKE,  HAROLD   B.     .      .  . 

FLAGLER,  CLEMENT  A.  F.  . 

FOULOIS,  BENJAMIN   D.  . 

FRITZ,   ALBERT   W.    .      .  . 

GAULTNEY,  WALTER   E.  . 

GIBBS,  GEORGE   S.      .      .  . 

GORDON,  WALTER   H.     .  . 

HAAN,  WILLIAM  G.    .      .  . 

HALE,  HARRY  C 

HALPHEN,    DEWEY    .      .  . 

HARBORD,  JAMES  G.       .  . 

HARTMAN,  WILLIAM  A.  . 

HARTS,  WILLIAM  W.       .  . 

HAY,  WILLIAM  H.      .      .  . 

HERREN,  WILLIAM    .      .  . 

HERSEY,  MARK  L.      .      .  . 

HINDS,   ERNEST    .      .      .  . 

HINES,  JOHN   L 

HOOVER,  CHARLES  S.     .  . 

HOWE,   MAURICE   N.        .  . 

HOWZE,  ROBERT  L.    .      .  . 

HUNT,   IRVIN   L 

KING,  EDWARD   L.      .      .  . 

KORTH,  HERMAN        .      .  . 

KREGER,  EDWARD   A.     .  . 

KUHN,  JOSEPH    E.      .      .  . 


PAGE 

Brigadier  General  .  .  307 
Mess  Sergeant  .  .  .  363 

Private 195 

Major  General  ...  99 
Color  Sergeant  .  .  .179 
Brigadier  General  .  .175 
Major  General  .  .  .115 
Major  General  .  .  .  339 

Sergeant 135 

Sergeant 51 

Brigadier  General  .  .  407 
Major  General  .  .  .231 

Captain 251 

Sergeant 315 

Brigadier  General  .  .461 
Major  General  .  .  .  355 
Brigadier  General  .  .  295 

Private 323 

Corporal 352 

Brigadier  General  .  .  473 
Major  General  .  .  .291 
Major  General  ...  69 
Major  General  .  .  .343 

Private 399 

Major  General       .       .       .    224 

Sergeant 303 

Brigadier  General  .  .221 
Major  General  .  .  .  243 

Sergeant 427 

Major  General  .  .  .  375 
Major  General  .  .  .  457 
Major  General  .  .  .127 

Sergeant 347 

Captain 141 

Major   General       .       .       .103 

Colonel 479 

Brigadier   General       .       .    473 

Sergeant 256 

Brigadier  General  .  .331 
Major  General  ...  83 


SOLDIERS    ALL 


XI 


PORTRAITS  AND  BIOGRAPHICAL  SKETCHES: 


LANGFITT,  WILLIAM  C.  . 
LANGHAM,  GEORGE  W.  . 
LASSITER,  WILLIAM  .  . 
LATHAM,  JOHN  CRIDLAND 
LEJEUNE,  JOHN  A.  ... 
LEPLEY,  JAMES  B.  .  .  . 
LEWIS,  STACY  A.  ... 
LIGGETT,  HUNTER  .  .  . 

LINARD,         

McANDREW,  JAMES  W.  .  . 
McCAW,  WALTER  D.  .  .  . 
McGLACHLIN,  EDWARD  F. 

McKAIG,  F.  H 

McRAE,  JAMES  H.  .  .  . 
MAcARTHUR,  DOUGLAS 
MANNING,  SIDNEY  E.  .  . 
MARTIN,  CHARLES  H.  .  . 
MAYHEW,  CARL  C.  .  .  . 
MEISSNER,  JAMES  A.  .  . 
MENOHER,  CHARLES  T.  . 

MOORE,   E.   J 

MORTON,  CHARLES  G.  .  . 
MOSELEY,  GEORGE  V.  H.  . 
MUIR,  CHARLES  H.  .  .  . 
NOLAN,  DENNIS  E.  .  .  . 
NUGENT,  JOHN  F.  .  .  . 
O'BRIEN,  JOHN  R.  .  .  . 
O'RYAN,  JOHN  F.  .  .  . 
PARRISH,  GRADY  .  .  . 
PECK,  ROBERT  G.  .  .  . 
PERSHING,  JOHN  J. 

(Chaumont,   1918} 
PERSHING,  JOHN  J. 

(Paris,  1919}  .... 
PITMAN,  BUDIE  .... 
PURYEAR,  GEORGE  W.  .  . 

READ,  ALVAN   C 

RICE,  CHARLES  H.  .  .  . 
ROCKENBACH,  SAMUEL  D. 
RUCKER,  KYLE 


PAGE 

.  327 

.  349 

.  435 

.  135 

.  311 

.  151 

.  285 

.  80 

.  28 

.  403 

.  131 

.  123 

.  253 

.  359 

.  45 

.  227 

.  87 

.  399 

.  155 

.  267 

Master  Signal  Electrician  48 
Major  General  .  .  .391 
Brigadier  General  .  .387 

Major  General  .  .  .  371 
Brigadier  General  .  .185 

Sergeant 65 

Corporal 288 

Major  General       .       .       .  247 

Sergeant 283 

Lieutenant    Colonel      .       .  479 

General  22 


General       .       .        Frontispiece 

Private 73 

First   Lieutenant    .       .       .411 

Colonel 479 

Major 479 

Brigadier    General        .       .299 
Lieutenant    Colonel  .    479 


Major   General 

Private 

Major  General 

Sergeant 

Major  General 

Sergeant 

Sergeant 

Lieutenant    General 

Colonel 

Major  General 

Brigadier    General 

Major  General 

Corporal 

Major  General 

Brigadier    General 

Corporal 

Major  General 

First  Lieutenant    . 

Major    .... 

Major  General 


xii  SOLDIERS    ALL 

PORTRAITS  AND  BIOGRAPHICAL  SKETCHES:  PAGE 

RUSSEL,    EDGAR Brigadier   General       .      .  275 

SHERMAN,  WHITNEY  D.      .      .      Corporal 465 

SMITH,   HARRY   A Brigadier    General       .       .  453 

SMITH,   RICHARD   T.        .      .      .     Major 441 

SMITH,  WILLIAM    R.         .       .       .  Major  General       ...  449 

SNOW,  WILLIAM   A Major 441 

STEIDL,   AUGUST         .       .       .       .      Sergeant 279 

STEIN,  FRED  C Corporal 147 

STEWART,  JOHN  W Lieutenant   Colonel      .      .  441 

STOWERS,  JAMES  W.       .      .      .     Sergeant 335 

STURGIS,  SAMUEL  D.  •   .       .       .  Major  General       .      .       .  423 

SUMMERALL,  CHARLES  P.  .       .  Major  General       ...  217 

SYMINGTON,  JAMES   M.       .      .  First  Lieutenant    ...  379 

WAGSTAFF,  C.  M Brigadier    General       .       .  29 

WALKER,   MERRIWEATHER   L.  Brigadier   General       .       .  395 

WALSH,  PATRICK        ....     Sergeant 119 

WATSON,  GEORGE  L.        .       .       .  Lieutenant  Colonel       .       .  445 

WEIGEL,   WILLIAM     ....  Major  General       ...  384 

WILLIAMS,  F.   M Major 61 

WINES,  PEARL  J Sergeant 211 

WINN,  FRANK  L Major  General       ...  415 

WITTENMYER,  EDMUND     .       .  Major  General       ...  203 

WRIGHT,  WILLIAM   M.    .       .       .  Major   General       ...  199 

YORK,  ALVIN     C Sergeant 109 


SOLDIERS  ALL 


SOLDIERS    ALL 

There  are  many  extraordinary  individuals  among 
the  commanders  of  the  A.  E.  F.  whose  names  are 
destined  to  go  down  in  history.  My  close  and  in- 
formal association  with  these  men  was,  though  brief, 
illuminating  and,  to  me,  captivating — a  romantic 
opportunity  for  a  painter.  Close  scrutiny  of  their 
features  at  so  critical  a  time  impressed  upon  me  a 
very  definite  mental  record. 

Our  general  officers  vary  in  age  from  about  fifty 
years  to  the  early  sixties  and  their  most  obvious  traits 
are  poise,  alertness,  self-control,  fearlessness,  and  a 
high  mentality, — even  scholarliness.  Judging  from 
their  mellowness  of  mind,  which  very  much  impressed 
me,  I  felt  that  West  Point  has  given  something  to 
these  men  that  shows  to  great  advantage  by  the  time 
they  reach  middle  life.  Taking  into  consideration  the 
fact  that  these  commanders  are  obliged  at  intervals 
to  pass  a  severe  physical  examination  which  would 
debar  the  average  citizen  from  any  strenuous  service, 
one  concludes  that  up-standing,  clear-eyed,  clear- 
brained  American  manhood  is  at  its  best  among  them. 
Altogether,  their  type  is  that  of  the  soldier-student— 
this  in  contra-distinction  to  the  tvpe  predominating 
among  the  officers  of  the  German  Army.  It  would 

15 


16  SOLDIERS  ALL 

seem  that  the  Germans  think  a  good  command- 
ing officer  must  have  a  meaty  face,  an  arrogant  man- 
ner, and  a  heavy  scowl. 

The  American  commanders  spoke  with  deep  feel- 
ing and  appreciation  of  the  man-in-the-ranks,  re- 
peating again  and  again  that  he  was  the  one  who 
"  put  it  over  "  and  that  to  him  belonged  the  glory. 
One  general,  speaking  of  the  man-in-the-ranks  as  the 
one  to  whom  credit  was  due,  and  referring  with  a 
smile  to  the  fact  that  the  public  has  fully  accepted 
this  view,  remarked:  "  In  some  ways,  in  this  war  it 
has  been  hell  to  be  a  general." 

On  the  other  hand,  the  man-in-the-ranks  was  just 
as  ready  to  express  his  confidence  in  his  commanding 
officer.  For  one  thing,  he  appreciated  the  fact  that 
necessities,  and  even  comforts,  had  been  provided 
to  an  extraordinary  degree.  "  Kicks  "  on  the  part 
of  the  man-in-the-ranks  were  infrequent  and  mild. 
The  American  boy,  to  be  sure,  will  kick  if  his  shoe 
laces  are  not  a  pair,  or  if  the  rain  falls  on  too  many 
successive  days,  or  if  his  hair  grows  too  fast,  but  never 
does  he  need  to  be  driven  to  deeds  of  heroism.  When 
he  gets  a  command  to  go  "  over  the  top,"  he  goes 
over,  and  those  who  have  watched  him  have  felt  a 
thrill  never  to  be  forgotten.  He  not  only  went 
"  over  the  top,"  but  he  went  over  in  the  face  of 
machine-gun  fire  and  gas,  singing,  "  Oh  Boy,  Oh 
Joy,  Where  do  we  go  from  here?" 

The  Liberty  Loan  Committee  for  the  Fifth  Loan 
asked  me  to  paint  "  over  there  "  portraits  of  four 
boys  who  had  done  deeds  of  extraordinary  heroism. 


SOLDIERS  ALL  17 

I  painted  the  four,  and  found  the  task  so  absorbing 
that  I  could  not  stop  with  that  small  number,  but 
painted  fifty.  These  soldiers  were  picked  out  by 
their  commanders  as  the  ones  in  their  various  com- 
mands who  at  that  time  had  performed  the  most 
extraordinary  deeds  of  valour.  Absolute  disregard 
of  personal  danger,  quick-witted  adroitness  in  turn- 
ing unexpected  conditions  to  good  account,  a  wish  not 
only  to  equal,  but  to  surpass  the  deeds  of  his  com- 
rades, an  abiding  belief  that  he  was  fighting  for  an 
ideal — all  these  influences  made  of  the  American  sol- 
dier such  a  soldier  as  has  never  before  been  seen  on 
the  field  of  battle.  The  stories  of  the  escapades  of 
the  young  warriors  whose  portraits  are  here  included 
with  those  of  their  general  officers  might  well  be 
classed  among  our  stories  for  the  young,  with  those 
of  "  Horatius  at  the  Bridge,"  and  David  of  ancient 
days.  Again  and  again  I  was  told  by  officers  of  our 
Allies,  '  The  American  Army  is  the  best  disci- 
plined army  in  Europe."  We  had  felt  sure  that  our 
boys  would  make  fighters  as  good  as  the  best,  but  as 
to  their  being  entirely  amenable  to  discipline  some 
were  doubtful,  and  the  oft-repeated  assurance  just 
quoted  gives  us  particular  satisfaction.  This  attitude 
toward  discipline  was  entirely  a  free-will  offer- 
ing on  the  part  of  each  fighting  man.  He  was  un- 
willing that  any  soldier  should  be  better  than  he  in 
any  respect  whatsoever,  and  he  wished  to  be  a  per- 
fect cog  in  a  perfectly  well-oiled  machine.  It  is  ab- 
solutely true  that  the  American  soldier  fought  for  an 
ideal  and  knew  it — not  that  he  was  always  sure  just 


18  SOLDIERS  ALL 

what  that  ideal  might  be,  but  his  confidence  that  there 
was  an  ideal  and  that  he  was  fighting  for  it  gave  him 
almost  religious  ardour  in  his  efforts  to  surpass  his 
fellows.  There  was  also  very  much  of  the  "  play  " 
element  in  the  make-up  of  our  boys.  Their  many 
years  of  competitive  sports  worked  greatly  to  their 
advantage.  Their  enormous  discomforts  and  suffer- 
ing were  made  more  endurable  by  the  "  josh  "  which 
pervaded  their  everyday  life,  on  the  field  and  off. 
If  one  boy  brought  in  as  a  prisoner  a  German  lieu- 
tenant, his  "  buddy  "  instantly  made  up  his  mind  to 
capture  an  enemy  officer  higher  in  rank  than  a  lieu- 
tenant. If  one  boy  brought  in  two  prisoners,  every 
man  in  his  squad  thereupon  resolved  to  bring  in  more 
than  two  prisoners.  This  spirit  frequently  led  the 
fellows  into  great  danger,  and  even  death,  but  re- 
sulted in  an  amazing  number  of  individual  deeds  of 
heroism. 

The  discipline  of  the  American  Army  must  have 
been  in  a  great  measure  due  to  the  precise  and  exact- 
ing attitude  of  our  Commander-in-Chief.  I  was 
particularly  fortunate  in  being  given  the  opportunity 
to  paint  two  pictures  of  General  Pershing,  for  had  I 
rested  content  with  the  portrait  obtained  at  Chau- 
mont  I  should  always  have  had  a  one-sided  impres- 
sion of  the  man.  The  Pershing  whom  I  met  in  this 
old  French  town,  which  for  more  than  a  year  had 
been  the  headquarters  of  the  American  Army,  was 
rather  an  austere  figure.  The  circumstances  of  the 
meeting  perhaps  accentuated  this  effect.  Probably 
at  one  time  Chaumont  was  a  beautiful  and  charming 


SOLDIERS  ALL  19 

French  village,  but  at  the  time  of  my  visit  it  was 
desolate.  The  day  was  rainy,  of  course.  If  you  wish 
to  provoke  a  groan  among  the  "  doughboys  "  who 
spent  any  considerable  time  in  this  field  of  action,  all 
you  have  to  do  is  to  mention  "  sunny  France."  The 
streets  were  deep  with  mud,  the  houses  were  sadly 
out  of  repair,  and  the  old  barracks  which  furnished 
headquarters  for  the  American  Staff — a  structure 
forming  three  sides  to  a  square — looked  dark,  damp, 
bedraggled,  and  grim.  The  Armistice  had  just  been 
signed.  Though  Germany  had  admitted  her  defeat, 
there  were  no  signs  of  excited  rejoicing  about  the 
American  Headquarters,  and  the  atmosphere  in  that 
region  was  just  as  busy  and  as  serious  as  in  the  days 
preceding  November  llth. 

The  room  in  which  I  painted  General  Pershing 
was,  like  everything  else  in  the  American  Head- 
quarters, orderly,  plain,  and  business-like.  As  I 
entered  this  room,  I  saw  the  General  at  the  opposite 
side,  sitting  at  his  flat-topped  desk,  his  back  to  the 
window;  the  desk  was  characteristically  in  good 
order,  and  the  walls  were  bare,  except  for  several 
large  maps,  which  showed  the  position  of  the  Ameri- 
can divisions.  The  General  was  hard  at  work,  going 
through  a  pile  of  important  reports,  preparatory  to 
leaving  town  that  evening.  As  I  stepped  in,  he 
looked  up  alertly  and  greeted  me  with  a  cordiality 
which  was  dignified  and  not  at  all  effusive.  He  had 
a  strong  grip  and  a  way  of  shaking  hands  and  get- 
ting through  with  it  promptly.  The  Pershing  wrhom 
I  met  that  afternoon  was  a  very  serious  man.  Every 


20  SOLDIERS  ALL 

line  of  his  face,  and  I  have  seldom  seen  a  face  more 
deeply  furrowed,  showed  the  tremendous  strain 
through  which  he  had  passed.  The  Argonne  offen- 
sive had  ended  in  a  glorious  triumph  for  the  Ameri- 
can Army,  but  the  man  who  had  directed  that 
operation  showed,  in  his  deep-set,  harassed  eyes,  and 
in  his  sharply  drawn  face,  the  suffering  and  the 
anxiety  which  it  had  caused  him.  Do  not  think 
that  Pershing  is  a  soldier  of  flint-like  soul,  who 
stolidly  would  throw  his  thousands  of  American 
hoys  at  German  machine-guns;  the  man  whom  I 
painted  that  afternoon  was  a  man  who  had  sounded 
the  depths.  His  face  at  this  sitting  was  a  bit 
screwed  up,  the  lines  were  accentuated,  and  he 
looked  old  and  tired;  he  did  not  smile  once  during 
the  entire  pose,  and  he  talked  hardly  at  all.  Indeed, 
after  our  first  greeting,  he  seemed  to  lose  all  con- 
sciousness of  my  presence,  and  I  think  he  actually 
forgot  what  was  going  on.  Personal  vanity  is 
certainly  not  Pershing's  leading  trait.  He  was  very 
busy  with  his  papers  and  was  entirely  taken  up  with 
the  business  in  hand.  I  have  said  that  Pershing's 
appearance  was  that  of  a  man  who  had  suffered 
a  great  nervous  strain,  but  I  should  not  give  the 
impression  that  he  did  not  have  himself  quite 
under  control.  He  was  the  picture  of  complete 
self-possession.  His  movements  were  quick,  but  not 
spasmodic;  he  is  the  sort  of  man  who  moves  his 
papers  very  rapidly,  but  who  does  not  rattle  them 
nervously;  he  moves  his  papers  at  a  precise  moment, 
because  that  is  the  moment  to  move  them,  and  not 


SOLDIERS  ALL  21 

because  he  is  labouring  under  suppressed  excitement. 
He  walks  quickly,  yet  always  with  premeditation. 
One  of  his  staff  officers  told  me  that  Pershing  has 
himself  remarkably  in  hand  and  that  when  the 
opportunity  offers,  he  can  always  sleep. 

The  General  was  much  greyer  than  I  had  men- 
tally pictured  him.  His  photographs  had  given  me 
the  impression  of  a  man  comparatively  young,  but 
his  hair  is  now  very  grey,  and  in  parts  it  is  almost 
white.  His  intimates  told  me  that  the  whitening 
of  his  hair  is  the  result  of  his  service  in  France. 
But  it  is  always  scrupulously  brushed,  for  in  this, 
as  in  everything  else,  General  Pershing  shows  his 
predominant  tendency  to  neatness  arid  order.  The 
Pershing  photographs  suggest  a  rather  dark  mous- 
tache; as  a  matter  of  fact,  it  is  light,  having  a  touch 
of  the  sandy,  and  some  grey.  The  public  knows 
well  the  firm  manner  in  which  the  General  draws 
down  the  corners  of  his  mouth,  and  this  has  given 
an  impression  that  he  seldom  smiles.  My  own  im- 
pression, derived  from  the  experience  of  that  sombre 
afternoon,  was  similarly  one  of  stern,  unremitting 
attention  to  business;  yet  the  fact  is  that  he  often 
smiles,  and  his  friends  feel  that  his  photographs  in 
general  convey  an  idea  of  severity  of  expression 
which  is  overdone.  Yet  there  is  no  doubt  that 
General  Pershing  can  be  severe,  though  his  intimates 
say  that  when  it  is  necessary  for  him  to  use  the 
knife,  it  falls  upon  his  friends  of  long  acquaintance, 
as  well  as  upon  those  officers  who  have  not  been  so 
close  to  him.  The  words  which  I  most  constantly 


22 


SOLDIERS  ALL 


heard  about  the  General  were:  "He  plays  no 
favourites."  That  afternoon  he  had  the  appearance 
of  one  difficult  to  approach,  and  certainly  one  with 
whom  a  casual  visitor  would  take  no  liberties.  His 

figure  has  been  de- 
scribed as  that  of 
the  perfect  soldier, 
and  I  agree  with 
this  description. 
He  is  a  "  stickler  " 
for  regulation  in 
dress.  He  keenly 
scrutinizes  any  one 
with  whom  he  is 
conversing;  you 
feel  that  he  knows 
whether  or  not  you 
need  a  hair-cut, 
and  whether  your 
leather  has  been 

properly  attended  to  that  day.  Your  hand  instinc- 
tively follows  up  the  edge  of  your  coat  to  make 
sure  each  button  is  buttoned,  and  you  are  hoping 
that  your  orderly  has  brushed  you  properly. 

Some  one  has  said  that  General  Pershing  looks 
like  a  Roman.  Certain  of  our  generals  look  like 
Englishmen — General  Harts,  for  example;  others 
look  like  Frenchmen;  one  or  two  of  them  even 
resemble  Germans.  But  I  cannot  apply  the  word 
Englishman,  Frenchman,  German,  or  even  Roman 
to  General  Pershing.  His  face  and  figure  suggest 


SOLDIERS  ALL  23 

only  one  nationality;  he  is  simply,  distinctively 
United  States.  In  whatever  part  of  the  world  you 
might  find  him,  and  in  whatever  garb,  and  in 
whatever  company,  you  would  say  at  once:  "That 
man  is  an  American!"  There  is  nothing  about  his 
personality  that  suggests  the  foreigner;  he  is  redo- 
lent of  the  American  soil.  He  has  an  unusually  full, 
rounded  head,  and  his  skull  gives  the  impression 
of  filling  out  his  hair  tightly.  He  was  seated 
at  his  desk;  his  electric  light  was  burning  brightly 
a  few  inches  from  his  face,  and  just  a  little  day- 
light was  coming  in  from  the  windows  behind. 
He  was  much  occupied  discussing  many  matters 
with  a  string  of  staff  officers  who  appeared  one  at 
a  time  and  stood  in  front  of  his  desk.  As  the 
General  listened,  or  talked,  his  eyes  were  raised 
to  the  staff  officer  standing  opposite;  his  eye- 
brows also,  which,  by  the  way,  are  very  pale, 
were  raised;  and  the  strong  light  from  the  desk 
lamp  accentuated  the  deep,  vertical  cuts  in  the 
General's  cheeks.  The  nose  is  slightly  aquiline 
and  rather  distinguished;  the  eyes  are  a  light  grey- 
blue  with  a  little  suggestion  of  brown — eyes  which 
sometimes  are  called  hazel.  His  brow  is  par- 
ticularly full  and  round,  with  furrows  that  arc 
well  defined,  and  his  ears  are  a  bit  pointed, 
and  differ  a  trifle  in  their  angle  from  the  head. 
One  officer  who  has  had  many  conferences  with 
the  General — conferences  which  have  not  been 
entirely  to  his  liking — insists  that  one  ear,  which  is 
not  quite  so  close  to  his  head  as  the  other,  stiffens 


24  SOLDIERS  ALL 

and  straightens  sharply  when  the  General  gets 
angry.  The  cheek-bones  are  not  prominent,  the 
jaw  is  particularly  strong,  and  the  lips  are  sharply 
chiseled  and  rather  thin.  The  General's  neck  is 
solid,  and,  particularly  in  the  profile,  is  very  wide, 
and  his  head  is  set  on  his  shoulders  with  a  very 
unusual  appearance  of  power.  Indeed,  I  have 
never  seen  an  arrangement  of  head,  neck,  and 
shoulders  which  has  suggested  greater  strength 
and  force.  The  General's  uniforms  always  fit 
smoothly;  he  seldom  wears  many  decorations, 
although  he  has  enough  entirely  to  cover  his  chest. 
Most  people  do  not  realize  how  tall  General 
Pershing  is;  he  is  so  well-built  that  he  appears  to 
advantage  when  grouped  with  the  generals  of 
the  Allied  armies.  One  of  his  room-mates  at 
West  Point  told  me  that  Pershing  has  not  changed 
at  all,  except  that  he  has  grown  older  and  greyer; 
his  manner  and  disposition  have  been  the  same 
from  his  student  days.  Fortunately  I  was  able 
to  visualize  this  Pershing  of  West  Point  time,  for 
one  of  the  General's  aides  is  his  nephew,  Lieu- 
tenant Pershing,  who  bears  the  most  astonishing 
resemblance  to  his  distinguished  uncle. 

After  I  had  been  painting  an  hour  or  so,  the 
General  had  to  leave  to  keep  an  important  en- 
gagement. He  came  round,  looked  at  the  picture, 
and  said: 

"I  didn't  think  you  could  do  it  in  this  length 
of  time  and  with  this  light." 


SOLDIERS  ALL  25 

Those  were  practically  the  only  words  that 
passed  between  the  artist  and  his  subject. 

The  portrait  sketch  which  I  painted  in  Novem- 
ber shows  a  pretty  sombre  General;  yet  in  this  re- 
spect, at  least,  it  fairly  reflects  the  Pershing  whom 
I  met  that  afternoon.  Still  that  sitting  gave  me 
Pershing  in  only  one  of  his  moods.  I  found  that 
he  had  another  side,  when,  in  early  January,  I  made 
an  appointment  to  paint  him  again.  The  Pershing 
whom  I  now  met  at  the  Ogden  Mills  house  in 
Paris  was  a  very  different  man  from  the  one  whom 
I  had  painted  at  Chaumont.  The  one  whom  I 
met  at  Headquarters  was  serious,  dignified,  pre- 
occupied, possibly  even  melancholy;  the  one 
whom  I  painted  in  Paris  was  altogether  easy 
and  gay.  The  change  was  caused,  perhaps,  by 
the  fact  that  the  weight  had  lifted  from  his  mind; 
an  American  Army  was  now  occupying  a  part  of 
Germany;  the  fighting  was  actually  over;  and  the 
Allied  cause  had  achieved  a  splendid  and  com- 
plete success.  I  came  to  Paris  with  the  well- 
known  sculptor,  "  Jo "  Davidson,  who  proposed 
to  make  a  bust  of  the  General  while  I  was  paint- 
ing him.  Our  subject  kept  his  appointment  to 
the  minute,  coming  into  the  room  with  a  rapid, 
military  step,  greeting  Davidson  cordially,  and 
stepping  up  to  me  with  an  outstretched  hand  and 
a  "Hello,  Chase!" 

'  This   room   looks  like   an   atelier  in   the   Latin 
Quarter! "    he    said,    glancing   about   the   beautiful 


26  SOLDIERS  ALL 

salon  in  which  Davidson  had  moved  the  furni- 
ture and  arranged  the  lighting. 

"  Do  you  know  anything  about  the  Latin 
Quarter?  "  I  asked. 

"  Oh,  yes,  I  know  about  the  Academy  Julien 
and  the  Beaux  Arts,"  the  General  replied — and  to 
this  subject  he  returned  afterward. 

Ordinarily  a  sculptor  and  a  painter  would  have 
difficulty  in  working  at  the  same  time;  the  sculp- 
tor prefers  to  have  his  subject  standing,  a  painter 
sitting;  a  sculptor  likewise  wishes  to  have  him  walk 
about  continually,  while  the  painter  prefers  a 
fairly  quiet  posture.  I  gave  way  to  Davidson  in 
the  main,  but  I  demanded  a  compromise  in  the 
matter  of  strolling.  The  General  was  greatly 
amused  at  our  argument,  and  entered  completely 
into  its  spirit.  Davidson  agreed  that  he  could  sit 
occasionally,  if  I  would  accept  an  arrangement 
about  the  lighting  that  was  not  entirely  to  my 
advantage.  Throughout  the  sitting,  the  sculptor 
and  the  painter  "  joshed "  each  other  about  their 
respective  arts  and  the  General  took  part,  now 
supporting  one  side,  now  another. 

"What  good  is  an  art  that  can  show  only  one 
side  of  a  man's  face  at  a  time?  That's  only  half 
an  art!"  said  Davidson. 

"Sculpture  scored  one  that  time!"  the  General 
laughed. 

Davidson  meanwhile  was  dropping  his  clay  all 
over  the  beautiful  floor  of  the  Mills  salon. 


SOLDIERS  ALL  27 

"But  see  what  a  dirty  business  sculpture  is!" 
I  retorted. 

"Painting  got  the  best  of  it,  then!"  said  the 
General,  with  a  perfectly  good  grin,  showing  a 
wonderful  set  of  white  teeth. 

We  soon  discovered  that  General  Pershing 
knew  a  great  deal  about  art  and  artists.  In  a 
few  minutes  both  Davidson  and  I  felt  as  though 
we  had  met  an  old  friend  of  our  art-student  days. 
We  asked  our  sitter  how  he  happened  to  know  so 
much  about  the  Latin  Quarter. 

"Oh,  I've  been  there!"  he  answered.  "I  used 
to  know  it  well." 

It  seems  that,  in  his  early  days,  while  visiting 
Paris,  Pershing  had  friends  among  the  art  stu- 
dents, with  whom  he  spent  much  time  in  their 
favourite  haunts.  Sitting  there  on  the  edge  of  a 
lounge,  the  General  gave  us  many  reminiscences 
of  those  old  days.  He  described  particularly  one 
lively  party  which  he  had  attended  in  the  Latin 
Quarter — a  story  that  might  have  fitted  well  into 
the  pages  of  "  Trilby." 

"  How  did  you  stand  the  ordeal,  General? " 
Davidson  asked. 

"  I  did  my  best  to  preserve  throughout  my 
military  composure,"  he  answered  with  a 
smile. 

I  had  an  impression,  indeed,  that  General  Per- 
shing found  the  three  hours  we  spent  with  him  a 
pleasant  relief  from  his  exacting  duties;  we  talked 


28 


SOLDIERS  ALL 


of  several  things,  but  there  was  one  subject  that 
was  not  mentioned  throughout  the  sitting — that 
was  the  War.  As  before,  he  showed  no  vanity, 
but  he  did  display  considerable  interest  in  the 
work  we  were  doing.  He  had  the  attitude  of  a 
man  who,  if  a  thing  is  to  be  done  at  all,  wants 
it  done  well.  In  one  of  his  many  trips  to 
watch  the  progress  of  his  portrait,  I  caught  him 
looking,  somewhat  pensively,  at  the  very  grey 
hair. 

"  Is  it  too  grey,  General?  "  I  asked. 
"  Not  at  all,"  he  answered.     "  That's  the  way  it 
is;  paint  me  just  as  I  am." 

I  was  reminded  of  the  story  of  Cromwell,  sitting 
for  his  portrait.  Cromwell  had  a  conspicuous 
excrescence  on  his  nose. 

"  Paint  me,  wart 
and  all!  "  was  his 
injunction  to  the 
artist. 

When  the  pic- 
ture was  finished, 
General  Pershing 
expressed  his  sat- 
isfaction. 

"  I  think  it  must 
be  the  best  of  your 
series,"  he  said. 
CCI  would  like 
some  photographs 
of  it." 


FRENCH    KICPRESENTATIVK 
AT   Q.  H.  Q. 


SOLDIERS  ALL 


29 


Davidson's  admirable  bust  of  the  general  also 
pleased  him  greatly. 

We  lingered  for  a  few  moments,  talking  art  and 
artists,  and  listening  to  the  comments  of  Pershing's 
staff  on  our  work. 

When  one  thinks  of  the  American  Army,  the  two 
men  that  come  to  mind  after  Pershing  are  Liggett 
and  Bullard.  Bullard  represents  the  student  type, 
and,  in  fact,  looks  like  a  college  professor.  The 
face  of  General  Bullard  has  something  of  the  re- 
finement of  Joseph  H.  Choate;  it  is  distinctly  the 
countenance  of  a  thinker.  He  has  not  much  colour, 
but  he  has  plenty  of  lines  of  character  and  his  face 
is  a  particularly  interesting  one  to  paint.  General 
Bullard's  every  feature  really  is  individual.  His 
nose  has  a  rather  curious  bend,  which  is  well  shown 
in  this  particular  por- 
trait; it  is  long  and  aris- 
tocratic. Indeed,  Gen- 
eral Bullard  looks  every 
whit  an  aristocrat;  he  has 
the  fine  hands  of  the 
aristocrat — the  thin  hand 
that  shows  each  move- 
ment of  the  fingers.  He 
impresses  me  as  a  man 
who  would  be  sure  of 
every  move  he  makes;  he 
has  the  appearance  al- 
most of  infallibility.  You 
feel  at  once  absolute  con- 


BRIl'iSii    KKPHESENTATIVE 
AT    G.  H.  Q. 


30  SOLDIERS  ALL 

fidence  in  him;  he  is  precisely  the  type  of  man  to 
whom  Americans  would  safely  entrust  their  sons. 

American  army  officers  have  lived  in  so  many 
parts  of  the  world  that  they  have  become  cos- 
mopolitan, and  it  is  almost  impossible  to  locate 
them  definitely  by  their  speech.  But  General  Bui- 
lard  is  an  Alabaman,  and  he  talks  still  in  soft 
Southern  accents.  I  asked  him  many  questions 
while  the  portrait  was  under  way;  I  could  not  get 
him  to  talk  about  himself,  but  there  was  one  topic 
upon  which  he  became  animated — that  was  the 
American  soldier. 

"  In  every  army,"  he  said,  "  there  are  two  kinds 
of  soldiers:  those  who  do  things  because  they  are 
ordered  to,  and  those  who  are  always  looking  for 
things  to  do.  It  is  the  latter  kind  that  leavens  any 
army.  And  this  kind  prevails  in  the  American 
Army  to  a  greater  extent  than  in  any  ever 
known. 

Liggett  and  Bullard  certainly  represent  the 
American  Army  at  its  best — Bullard,  the  South- 
erner, Liggett,  the  Northerner;  both  are  men  of 
culture,  evidently  much  given  to  reading  and 
study.  Liggett  was  possibly  a  little  less  reserved, 
and  more  chatty  and  genial,  though  in  both  I  felt  a 
sense  of  great  personal  dignity.  Liggett  has  ab- 
solutely no  sense  of  pose.  He  was  keenly  interested 
in  the  operation  of  painting;  he  knew  many 
artists,  and  asked  many  questions  about  them.  The 
one  impression  you  get  from  contact  with  Liggett  is 
the  sincere,  human,  affectionate  quality  of  the  man; 


SOLDIERS  ALL 


31 


he  is  the  type  of  citizen  you  would  like  to  room 
with  at  college. 

The  subject  that  General  Liggett,  like  the  other 
Major  General,  talked  most  about,  was  the  "  man- 
in-the-ranks." 

"  He's  the  one  who  did  it,"  was  the  way  he 
summed  up  the  American  "  doughboy's  "  part  in  the 
War. 

Much  could  be  written  about  the  various  distin- 
guished and  distinguishing  characteristics  of  our 
general  officers,  which  would  increase  the  pride 
of  the  reader  in  these  sound  and  able  men.  These 
are  indicative  of  the  kind  of  things  we  might 
enlarge  upon:  The  unceasing  vigour  and  energy  of 
Brigadier  General  Preston  Brown,  not  a  product 
of  West  Point,  but  a  Yale  graduate,  who  after  the 
signing  of  the  Armis- 
tice was  in  charge  of 
Advance  G.  H.  Q.  at 
Trier,  and  who  han- 
dled the  situation  there 
in  a  way  original  and 
convincing;  the  natural 
dignity  and  keen  wit 
of  Brigadier  General 
Dennis  E.  Nolan,  tall, 
lanky,  astute,  who  was 
the  head  of  G2,  which 
is  a  synonym  for  the 
Intelligence  Section 
of  the  General  Staff, 


32  SOLDIERS  ALL 

comprising  the  Secret  Service  and  the  Press.  It 
was  under  General  Nolan  that  I  had  the  pleasure 
of  operating,  and  I  shall  never  forget  his  under- 
standing and  interest.  The  sturdiness  of  Major 
General  Adelbert  Cronkhite,  who,  if  he  wore  a  ruff, 
might  with  perfect  propriety  step  into  a  Franz 
Hals  canvas;  the  humane  vision  of  Major  General 
McAndrew,  Chief  of  Staff,  A.  E.  F.,  surely  one 
of  the  great  personages  of  the  War;  the  efficiency 
of  Brigadier  General  Avery  D.  Andrews,  Assistant 
Chief  of  Staff,  who  had  resigned  his  commission  in 
the  Army  to  go  into  business,  but  at  the  beginning 
of  the  War  re-entered  the  Army  with  enthusiasm; 
the  bulldog  tenacity  of  Major  General  William 
M.  Wright,  Commander  of  the  First  Corps;  the 
Indian-like  virtues  of  Major  General  Robert  L. 
Howze,  whose  men  call  him  "  Sioux,"  and  of  Major 
General  Flagler,  who  is  also  known  to  his  men  by 
the  same  "pet"  name;  the  imperturbability  of 
Major  General  Charles  P.  Summerall,  who  is  said 
to  be,  of  all  our  generals,  the  best  judge  of  the 
merits  of  his  officers.  His  name  will  always 
be  associated  with  that  colossally  important  first 
day  of  November,  1918. 

I  would  not  fail  to  make  mention  of  the  men 
who  were  of  especial  assistance  to  me — Brigadier 
General  Eltinge,  Assistant  Chief  of  Staff,  G.  H.  Q.; 
Major  General  Harbord,  Pershing's  First  Chief  of 
Staff,  who  later  became  head  of  the  Service  of 
Supply;  Col.  Carl  Boyd,  Aide  to  General  Pershing, 
whose  effectiveness  was  always  apparent,  and  who, 


SOLDIERS  ALL  33 

alas,  died  in  the  service;  and  Col.  A.  L.  Conger, 
whose  keen  judgment  and  kindly  attitude  meant 
much  to  me  during  my  strenuous  days — and  nights. 
Also  I  shall  remember  with  particular  pleasure  the 
seven  members  of  the  Senior  Officers'  Mess,  at  Bit- 
burg,  and  later  at  Coblenz,  who  took  me  in  and 
gave  me  good  company  and  good  cheer. 

I  should  like  to  mention  with  especial  regard  my 
intrepid  chauffeur,  one  McQuillin,  of  Buffalo,  a 
stripling  with  a  heart  of  oak.  His  appreciation  of  art 
was  second  only  to  his  ingenuity  in  "  carrying  on." 

The  portraits  are  life-sized  heads  painted  in  oils. 
The  average  time  required  for  each  was  two  hours, 
the  studio  being  sometimes  a  fine  chateau,  some- 
times a  dugout,  sometimes  a  shack  in  the  devastated 
area,  sometimes  a  castle  on  the  Moselle  or  on  the 
Rhine.  The  painting  was  done  at  any  hour  of  the 
day  or  night  as  circumstance  permitted,  and  by  any 
light  that  was  available.  Many  of  the  pictures  were 
painted  by  the  light  of  a  candle.  I  especially  remem- 
ber Major  General  Summerall,  alert,  serene,  and 
smartly  dressed,  as  he  entertained  me  while  I  painted 
him  between  midnight  and  two  o'clock  in  the 
morning. 

All  in  all,  I  am  filled  with  a  sense  of  obligation 
for  the  opportunity  accorded  me  in  the  great 
adventure. 


NEW    YORK,    OCTOBER,    1919 


ARMY,   CORPS   AND   DIVISION 
ASSIGNMENTS 

TO   NOVEMBER    11,    1918 

1st  Army,  LIGGETT 

2nd  Army,         BULLARD 
3rd  Army,          DICKMAN 


1st  Corps, 

2nd  Corps, 
3rd  Corps, 

4th  Corps, 
5th  Corps, 

6th  Corps, 
7th  Corps, 


LIGGETT, 
DICKMAN, 

READ, 

WRIGHT, 

BULLARD, 

HINES, 

DICKMAN, 
MUIR, 

WRIGHT, 

CAMERON, 

SUMMERALL, 

BUNDY, 

BALLOU, 

MENOHER, 

WRIGHT, 
BUNDY, 


January  20 — October  11. 
October  12. 

June  12. 

June  17— July  11. 
July  14— October  11. 
October  12. 

August  18— October  11. 
October  12. 

July  10— August  18. 
August  21 — October  11. 
October  18. 

August  27 — September  12. 
October  23 — November  9. 
November  10  to  11. 

August  22 — September  4. 
September  13— October  24, 


1st  Division,      SIBERT, 

BULLARD, 

SUMMERALL, 

BULLARD, 

SUMMERALL, 

BAMFORD, 

PARKER, 


October  25 — December  12, 

1917. 
December  13,  1917 — June 

30, 1918. 
July  1 — July  6. 
July  7— July  17, 
July  20— October  11. 
October  12— October  24. 
October  25. 


[34] 


SOLDIERS  ALL  35 

ARMY,    CORPS    AND    DIVISION    ASSIGNMENTS 


2nd  Division,    BUNDY, 

HARBORD, 

BUNDY, 

HARBORD, 

LEJEUNE, 

3rd  Division,     DICKMAN, 

SLADEN, 

BUCK, 
BROWN, 


October  25, 1917— June  30, 

1918. 

July  1 — July  5. 
July  6— July  19. 
July  20 — August  2. 
August  3. 

March    30,   1917— August 
23,  1918. 

August  24— August  30. 

Division  in  reserve 

August  31— October  17. 
October  18— 


4th  Division,      CAMERON, 
POORE, 

HINES, 

CAMERON, 

POORE, 

HERSEY, 

5th  Division,      McMAHON, 
ELY, 

6th  Division,      ERWIN, 
GORDON, 

7th  Division,      BARTH, 
WAHL, 


May  25— August  23,  1918. 
August  24— August  30. 

Division  in  reserve 

August  31— October  11. 
October  12— October  24. 
October  23— October  30. 

Division  in  reserve 

October  31— 

April  9— October  17,  1918. 
October  18— 

July  18— July  31,  1918. 

Division  not  in  line 

August  1— 

August   17  — October   24, 

1918. 
October  25— October  26. 


WITTENMYER,     October  27- 


26th  Division,   EDWARDS, 

BAMFORD, 
HALE, 

27th  Division,   O'RYAN, 


December  8,  1917 — Octo- 
ber 24,  1918. 
October  25 — 


May  25. 


28th  Division,   MUIR, 
HAY, 


May  18— October  25, 1918. 
October  26 — 


36  SOLDIERS   ALL 

ARMY,    CORPS    AND    DIVISION    ASSIGNMENTS 

29th  Division,   MORTON,  July  6,  1918. 

30th  Division,   READ,  May  24— June  28,  1918. 

Division  not  in  line 

LEWIS,  June  25— July  5 . 

Division  not  in  line 

FAISON,  July  6— July  20. 

LEWIS,  July  21- 

32nd  Division,  HAAN,  February  16,  1918. 

33rd  Division,    BELL,  May  25,  1918. 

35th  Division,   WRIGHT,  May  4— June  21,  1918. 

Division  not  in  line 

McCLURE,  June  22— June  28 

Division  not  in  line 

TRAUB,  June  29— July  5. 

McCLURE,  July  6— July  19. 

TRAUB,  July  20— 

36th  Division,   SMITH,  August  3,  1918. 

37th  Division,   FARNSWORTH,     July  6,  1918. 

48nd  Division,  MENOHER,  November   1,   1917  — No- 

vember 4,  1918. 

RHODES,  November  5— 

MAcARTHUR,          November  10— 

77th  Division,     JOHNSON,  April  19— May  25,  1918. 

Division  not  in  line 

DUNCAN,  May  26— August  23. 

JOHNSON,  August  24— September  6. 

ALEXANDER,      September  7— 

78th  Division,  McRAE,  May  25,  1918. 

79th  Division,  KUHN,  July  28,  1918. 

80th  Division,  CRONKHITE,  June  22,  1918. 

81st  Division,  BAILEY,  September  7,  1918. 


SOLDIERS   ALL 

ARMY,  CORPS  AND  DIVISION  ASSIGNMENTS 


37 


82nd  Division,    BURNHAM, 
DUNCAN, 

88th  Division,     BEACH, 

WEIGEL, 
89th  Division,     WINN, 

WRIGHT, 

90th  Division,     ALLEN, 
91st  Division,      JOHNSTON, 
92nd  Division,    BALLOU, 


May  17— October  14, 1918. 
October  15— 

October  16 — November  4, 

1918. 
November  5— 

July  13 — September  30, 

1918. 
October  1— 

July  6, 1918. 
August  31,  1918. 
July  6,  1918. 


NOTE. — The  twenty-nine  Divisions  here  represented  are  known 
as  The  Combat  Divisions. 


THE    THIRTEEN    MAJOR    OPERATIONS 

AS  OFFICIALLY  ANNOUNCED  IN  GENERAL  ORDERS, 
NUMBER   83,  JUNE   30,   1919. 

a.  Cambrai. — Between  12th  of  May  and  4th  of  De- 
cember, 1917. 

b.  Somme,  defensive. — Between  21st  of  March  and 
6th  of  April,  1918. 

c.  Lys. — Between  9th  of  April  and  27th  of  April. 
1918. 

d.  Aisne. — On  the  Chemin  des  Dames  and  northeast 
of  Rheims  between  27th  of  May  and  5th  of  June, 
1918. 

e.  Montdidier-Noyon. — Between    9th    of   June    and 
13th  of  June,  1918. 

/.  Champagne-Marne. — Between  15th  of  July  and 
18th  of  July,  1918. 

g.  Aisne-Marne. — Between  18th  of  July  and  6th  of 
August,  1918. 

h.  Somme,  offensive. — Between  8th  of  August  and 
llth  of  November,  1918. 

i.  Oise- Aisne. — Between  18th  of  August  and  llth  of 
November,  1918. 

j.  Ypres-Lys. — Between  19th  of  August  and  llth 
of  November,  1918. 

k.  St.  Mihiel—  Between  12th  of  September  and  16th 
of  September,  1918. 

I.  Meuse-Argonne. — Between    26th    of    September 
and  llth  of  November,  1918. 

m.  Vittorio-Veneto. — Between  24th  of  October  and 
4th  of  November,  1918. 

[38] 


AMERICAN    MILITARY   DECORATIONS 

THE  CONGRESSIONAL  MEDAL  OF  HONOR  is  the  high- 
est honor  obtainable  by  an  American  soldier.  Estab- 
lished by  Congress,  July  12,  1862. 

The  award  of  the  Medal  of  Honor  is  confined  to 
officers,  non-commissioned  officers  and  privates  of 
the  American  Army  whose  action  complies  with  the 
following  tests:  "(a)  who  have  performed  IN  AC- 
TION deeds  of  most  distinguished  bravery  and  self- 
sacrifice;  (b)  above  and  beyond  the  call  of  duty; 
(c)  so  conspicuous  as  to  clearly  distinguish  them  for 
gallantry  and  intrepidity  above  their  comrades;  (d) 
which  involve  risk  of  life  or  the  performance  of 
more  than  ordinary  hazardous  service;  (e)  the  omis- 
sion of  which  would  not  justly  subject  a  person  to 
censure  for  shortcoming  or  failure  in  the  perform- 
ance of  duty."  It  is  the  only  American  honor  worn 
as  a  neck  decoration  on  occasions  of  ceremony. 

The  Distinguished  Service  Cross  and  the  Distin- 
guished Service  Medal  were  created  by  an  act  of 
Congress,  July  9,  1918.  Both  are  worn  as  military 
medals. 

The  DISTINGUISHED  SERVICE  CROSS  is  awarded  to 
those  who  distinguished  themselves  by  "extraordinary 
heroism  in  action"  (which  does  not  justify  the  award 
of  the  Medal  of  Honor). 

The  DISTINGUISHED  SERVICE  MEDAL  is  awarded  "to 
those  who  in  positions  of  great  responsibility  have 
conferred  distinguished  service  upon  their  country 
through  the  Military  Establishment  and  in  associa- 
tion with  it." 


NOTE. — Reproductions  of  these  decorations  appear  on  the  end- 
sheets  of  this  book. 

[39] 


SOLDIERS  ALL 


BRIGADIER   GENERAL  DOUGLAS  MAcARTHUR 

Arrived  in  France,  October  29,  1917,  with  rank  of 

Colonel. 

Promoted  to  Brigadier  General,  June  26,  1918. 
Assignments : 

Chief  of  Staff,  42nd  Division ; 

Commanded  84th  Infantry  Brigade,   42nd  Division, 

August  6th; 

Commanded  42nd  Division,  November  10th ; 
Commanded  84th  Infantry  Brigade,   42nd   Division, 

November  23rd. 

Born:  Arkansas,  January  26,  1880. 
Distinguished   Service  Cross. 

"When  Company  D,  168th  Infantry,  was 
under  severe  attack  in  the  salient  du  Feys, 
France,  he  voluntarily  joined  it,  upon  finding 
that  he  could  do  so  without  interfering  with 
his  normal  duties,  and  by  his  coolness  and  con- 
spicuous courage  aided  materially  in  its  suc- 
cess. 

An  oak-leaf  cluster  is  awarded  Gen.  Mac- 
Arthur  for  the  following  acts  of  distinguished 
service:  As  brigade  commander  Gen.  Mac- 
Arthur  personally  led  his  men  and  by  the 
skilful  maneuvering  of  his  brigade  made  pos- 
sible the  capture  of  Hills  288,  242,  and  the 
C6te-de-Chatillon,  France,  October  14,  15,  and 
16,  1918.  He  displayed  indomitable  resolution 
and  great  courage  in  rallying  broken  lines  and 
in  re-forming  attacks,  thereby  making  victory 
possible.  On  a  field  where  courage  was  the 
rule,  his  courage  was  the  dominant  feature." 
G.  O.  27  (February  17,  1919). 

Distinguished    Service   Medal. 

"For    exceptionally    meritorious    and    distin- 

[41] 


guished  services.  He  served  with  credit  as 
chief  of  staff  of  the  42nd  Division  in  the  opera- 
tions at  Chalons  and  at  the  Chateau-Thierry 
salient.  In  command  of  the  84th  Infantry 
Brigade  he  showed  himself  to  be  a  brilliant 
commander  of  skill  and  judgment.  Later  he 
served  with  distinction  as  commanding  general 
of  the  42d  Division."  G.  O.  59  (May  3, 1919) . 


[43] 


¥ 


I  i 


V. 


*  *».< 


E.  J.  MOORE,  Master  Signal  Electrician, 

Company  C,  314th  Field  Signal  Battalion, 
89th  Division. 

In  charge  of  wire  laying  and  maintenance  detail, 
under  violent  shell-fire,  on  November  4  and  5,  1918. 
Moore  established  and  maintained  a  line  of  com- 
munication to  the  advanced  message  center,  Beau- 
clair.  He  worked  incessantly  all  day  and  all  night, 
climbing  trees  and  poles  under  extremely  heavy  shell- 
fire,  putting  the  wire  up  and  mending  breaks.  On 
November  5  he  aided  in  extending  and  maintain- 
ing this  line  to  the  assaulting  battalion  of  the  355th 
Infantry,  between  Beauclair  and  Lauencille.  Again, 
on  the  night  of  November  10  and  the  morning  of 
November  11,  Moore  rendered  invaluable  aid  to 
the  356  Infantry  in  Pouilly,  extending  a  telephone 
line  to  them  and  thence  to  La  Pignepp  Farm.  Al- 
though shell  fragments  tore  through  his  gas  mask 
and  the  air  was  full  of  flying  shell-fire,  he  showed 
utter  disregard  of  personal  safety,  setting  a  fine  ex- 
ample of  courage  and  devotion  to  duty. 
So  says  his  citation  for  the  Distinguished  Service 
Cross. 


[47] 


llfc 


MICHAEL  B.  ELLIS,  Sergeant, 

Company  C,  28th  Infantry, 

1st  Division. 

Private  Ellis  showed  unusual  courage  in  carrying 
supplies  and  in  attacking  "strong  points"  at  Breuil, 
Pleissy,  and  Berzy-le-Sec,  July  19-22,  1918.  In  the 
attack  southwest  of  Soissons  this  man  Ellis,  alone, 
worked  in  behind  the  enemy  line,  capturing  a  German 
Company  Commander  and  his  Lieutenant.  At  the 
point  of  his  bayonet  he  ordered  these  officers  to  lead 
him  to  their  dugouts,  where  enemy  troops  were,  and 
drove  back  to  our  lines  not  fewer  than  fifty  prisoners. 
This  won  for  him  a  citation. 

Sergeant  Ellis  was  also  awarded  the  Medal  of  Honor 
(in  G.  O.  74)  "For  conspicuous  gallantry  and  in- 
trepidity above  and  beyond  the  call  of  duty  in  action 
with  the  enemy  near  Exermont,  October  5,  1918. 
During  the  entire  day's  engagement  he  operated  far 
in  advance  of  the  first  wave  of  his  company,  volun- 
tarily undertaking  most  dangerous  missions  and 
single-handed  attacking  and  reducing  machine-gun 
nests.  Flanking  one  emplacement,  he  killed  2  of  the 
enemy  with  rifle  fire  and  captured  17  others.  Later 
he,  single-handed,  advanced  under  heavy  fire  and  cap- 
tured 27  prisoners,  including  2  officers  and  6  machine 
guns,  which  had  been  holding  up  the  advance  of  the 
company.  The  captured  officers  indicated  the  loca- 
tions of  4  other  machine-guns,  and  he  in  turn  cap- 
tured these,  together  with  their  crews,  at  all  times 
showing  marked  heroism  and  fearlessness." 
Medal  of  Honor. 


[49] 


BRIGADIER  GENERAL  PRESTON  BROWN 

Arrived  in  France,  August,  1917,  with  rank  of  Lieu- 
tenant  Colonel. 
Promotions: 

Colonel,  February  6,  1918; 
Brigadier  General,  August  16. 
Assignments: 

Chief  of  Staff,  82nd  Division,  August  25,  1917; 
Chief  of  Staff,  2nd  Division,  April  5,  1918; 
Chief  of  Staff,  4th  Army  Corps,  September  19,  1918; 
Commanded  3rd  Division  in  the  Meuse-Argonne,  Oc- 
tober 18,  1918; 

Assistant  Chief  of  Staff,  Advance  G.  H.  Q.,  Germany. 
Born:  Kentucky,  January  2,  1872. 
Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  As  Chief  of  Staff  of  the 
Second  Division  he  directed  the  details  of  the 
battles  near  Chateau-Thierry,  Soissons,  and 
at  the  St.  Mihiel  salient  with  great  credit. 
Later,  in  command  of  the  Third  Division  in 
the  Argonne-Meuse  offensive,  at  a  most  criti- 
cal time,  by  his  splendid  judgment  and  ener- 
getic action,  his  division  was  able  to  carry  to 
a  successful  conclusion  the  operations  at  Clairs 
Chenes  and  at  Hill  294."  G.  O.  12  (January 
17,  1919). 


[53] 


F.  M.  WILLIAMS,  Major, 

Machine  Gun  Battalion, 

82nd  Division. 

After  many  years'  experience  as  a  cowboy,  Williams 
became  a  member  of  Buffalo  Bill's  Wild  West  Show. 
His  "stunt"  in  the  show  was  shooting  glass  balls  and 
riding  "bad"  horses.  Whenever  his  leg  was  broken 
he  played  in  the  band  until  the  break  mended.  When 
the  United  States  went  to  war  Williams  entered 
training  camp  and  was  graduated  a  lieutenant.  He 
went  overseas  with  a  machine-gun  outfit. 
On  October  11,  1918,  Williams  (then  Captain)  was 
shot  through  the  neck  by  a  sniper.  He  tied  his  hand- 
kerchief around  the  wounds  at  the  front  and  back 
of  the  neck  and  the  wounds  were  never  treated.  He 
stayed  continuously  in  the  line.  On  October  15th— 
four  days  later — at  about  4  A.M.,  he  received  orders 
to  proceed  to  Hill  182,  which  is  just  north  of  St. 
Juvin.  He  sent  runners  to  notify  his  platoon  com- 
manders to  move  at  once.  Taking  one  runner,  he 
started  toward  Hill  182.  Having  reached  the  hill 
and  found  everything  quiet,  he  sent  his  runner  back 
to  guide  the  company  in,  while  he  remained  on  the 
hill  reconnoitering  for  machine-gun  positions.  In  the 
early  morning  haze  he  saw  a  party  of  five  Germans 
with  an  American  prisoner.  He  at  first  thought  that 
the  American  had  five  German  prisoners  and  saun- 
tered leisurely  toward  the  group.  At  about  twenty 
feet  the  American  prisoner  shouted  for  help  and  one 
of  the  Boches  raised  his  rifle  to  his  shoulder.  Capt. 
Williams  pulled  his  pistol  and  dropped  this  German. 
At  the  same  time  the  second  one  of  the  enemy  aimed 
his  rifle  at  the  American  prisoner,  who  had  fallen 
to  the  ground  and  was  engaged  in  an  attempt  to  load 
his  revolver.  The  second  shot  from  Williams'  pistol 
brought  down  this  second  of  the  enemy.  The  third 

[57] 


German,  whose  position  was  slightly  to  the  rear  of 
Williams,  with  his  rifle  clubbed  Capt.  Williams,  the 
blow  glancing  off  the  side  of  his  head,  his  left  shoul- 
der, and  striking  his  right  hand  which  was  holding 
his  pistol.  The  Captain  did  not  let  go  his  pistol,  but 
with  his  left  hand  grasped  the  German's  rifle,  wrest- 
ling for  possession  of  it.  At  this  juncture,  the  second 
German  started  to  get  up  from  the  ground  where 
he  had  fallen  and  Williams,  wrestling  for  possession 
of  the  rifle  of  the  third  German,  again  fired  with  his 
revolver  at  the  second  German,  this  time  putting 
him  out  of  business.  He  then  turned  his  entire  at- 
tention to  the  third  German,  with  whom  he  was 
grappling,  and  shot  him  through  the  Adam's  apple. 
The  man  went  down,  leaving  his  rifle  in  the  Captain's 
left  hand.  The  fourth  German  had  started  to  return 
to  the  fight,  but  turned  again  and  ran.  The  fifth 
German  continued  to  hold  his  hands  in  the  air  and 
Capt.  Williams,  dropping  to  his  knee,  brought  down 
the  fleeing  man  with  the  German  rifle,  at  a  distance 
of  some  75  yards.  The  fifth  German  was  then  the 
Captain's  prisoner;  the  other  four  were  dead.  Will- 
iams had  just  begun  to  dress  the  wound  of  his  new 
American  friend,  when  a  big  skirmish  line  of  Boches 
came  up  over  the  hill  from  the  north.  He  still  had 
the  Boche  rifle  and  with  it  he  killed  the  leader  of  this 
skirmish  line,  at  a  distance  of  about  200  yards.  One 
of  the  sorrows  of  the  Captain's  life  is  that  his  Ger- 
man prisoner  jumped  into  the  woods  and  got  away. 
The  wounded  American  was  by  this  time  hurrying 
back  to  his  own  lines  and  the  Captain  ran  back  to 
the  spot  where  his  company  was  due  to  arrive  and 
met  his  men  with  their  machine-guns,  coming  up.  He 
rushed  them  to  the  top  of  the  hill  in  time  to  stop  the 
general  counter-attack  on  the  town  of  St.  Juvin. 
They  held  this  position  without  outside  assistance 

.[59] 


from  six  o'clock  on  the  15th  until  two  A.M.  on  the 
16th — about  20  hours — capturing  32  prisoners  and 
inflicting  heavy  losses  on  the  enemy.  Later  in  the 
day  his  company  went  over  the  top  seven  times  in 
succession  with  the  assault  battalions,  with  the  result 
that  when  he  came  out  of  the  line  he  had  left  one 
officer  and  25  men  of  his  original  company,  which 
numbered  6  officers  and  183  men.  Capt.  Williams  in- 
cluded in  his  report  this  remark:  "It  sure  was  a  good 
bunch  of  men." 
Distinguished  Service  Cross. 
Italian  War  Cross  of  Merit. 


JOHN  F.  NUGENT,  Sergeant, 

165th  Infantry,  83rd  Brigade, 

42nd  Division. 

Dispatch  Rider  (Horse  or  Motorcycle) 
For  keeping  liaison  work  under  very  heavy  bom- 
bardment, as  well  as  performing  first  aid  work  and 
bringing  food  to  men  in  the  front  lines,  he  was  rec- 
ommended for  the  Distinguished  Service  Cross  for 
three  days'  fighting — July  30,  31  and  August  1,  1918, 
in  the  Chateau-Thierry  district. 


[63] 


«,f7 


/j5  U 

fTf!  •'   '•'/  * 

hf}j^" 

ff'f 


MAJOR  GENERAL  WILLIAM  G.  HAAN 

Arrived  in  France,  March  4,  1918. 

Assignments : 

Commanded  32nd  Division,  February  16,  1918; 
Commanded  8th  Army  Corps,  October  23; 
Commanded  32nd  Division,  November  6; 
Commanded  7th  Army  Corps,  November  18. 

Born:  Indiana,  October  4,  1863. 

Distinguished   Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  This  officer,  in  command  of 
the  Thirty-second  Division,  took  a  prominent 
part  in  the  Argonne-Meuse  offensive  and  in 
the  brilliant  and  successful  attack  against  the 
Cote  Dame  Marie,  covering  several  days, 
which  deprived  the  enemy  of  the  key  point  of 
the  position.  His  clear  conception  of  the  tac- 
tical situations  involved  showed  him  to  be  a 
military  leader  of  superior  order."  G.  O.  12 
(January  17,  1919). 


[67] 


BUDIE  PITMAN,  Private, 

Company  M,  18th  Infantry, 

1st  Division. 

Private  Pitman  was  a  dispatch  bearer.  Gassed  and 
suffering  severely  from  shell  shock  he  continued 
carrying  messages  at  the  front  line  through  violent 
barrage.  He  was  cited  March  16,  1918.  His  com- 
mander selected  him  as  the  representative  enlisted 
man  of  his  command  because  of  his  initiative,  bravery 
and  speed.  Private  Budie  Pitman  says  he  wouldn't 
have  missed  it  for  a  million  dollars,  but  that  five  mil- 
lion would  not  induce  him  to  do  it  again — unless  we 
have  another  war. 


[71] 


X... 


\ 


I 


:*1$l 


. 

**—-   ^ 


GENERAL  TASKER  H.  BLISS 

Chief  of  the  American  Section  of  the  Supreme  War 
Council. 

Born:  Pennsylvania,  December  81,  1853. 

Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  his  most  exceptional  services  as  Assistant 
Chief  of  Staff,  acting  Chief  of  Staff,  and  Chief 
of  Staff  of  the  United  States  Army,  in  which 
important  positions  his  administrative  ability 
and  professional  attainments  were  of  great 
value  to  our  armies.  As  chief  of  the  American 
section  of  the  Supreme  War  Council  he  has 
taken  an  important  part  in  the  shaping  of  the 
policies  that  have  brought  victory  to  our 
cause."  G.  O.  136  (December  20,  1918). 


[75] 


LIEUTENANT   GENERAL   HUNTER  LIGGETT 

Arrived  in  France,  October   5,   1917,  with  rank  of 
Major  General. 

Promoted  to  Lieutenant  General,  October  16,  1918. 
Assignments : 

Commanded  41st  Division ; 

Commanded  1st  Army  Corps,  January  20,  1918; 

Commanded  1st  Army,  October  12,  1918; 

Later  commanded  3rd  Army,  Army  of  Occupation. 
Born:  Pennsylvania,  March  21,  1857. 
Distinguished   Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services  as  commander  of  the  First 
Army  of  the  American  Expeditionary  Forces. 
He  commanded  the  First  Corps  and  perfected 
its  organization  under  difficult  conditions  of 
early  service  in  France.  Engaged  in  active 
operations  in  reduction  of  the  Marne  salient 
and  of  the  St.  Mihiel  salient,  and  participated 
in  the  actions  in  the  Forest  of  Argonne.  In 
command  of  First  Army  when  German  re- 
sistance was  shattered  west  of  the  Meuse." 
G.  O.  136  (December  20,  1918). 


[79] 


© 


#VJ 


MAJOR  GENERAL  JOSEPH  E.  KUHN 

Arrived  in  France,  July  13,  1918. 

Commanded  79th  Division,  July  28,  1918. 
Engagements : 

Meuse-Argonne  (twice  in  line  on  offensive  sectors  and 

once  on  defensive  sector). 
Born:  Kansas,  June  14,  1864. 


[81] 


MAJOR  GENERAL  CHARLES  H.  MARTIN 

Arrived  in  France,  September  24,  1918. 
Assignments : 

Commanded  86th  Division; 

Commanded  92nd  Division,  November  16; 

Commanded  90th  Division,  December  30,  Army   of 

Occupation. 
Born:  Illinois,  October  1,  1863. 

Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  As  commander  of  the  90th 
Division  during  the  greater  part  of  its  service 
with  the  Army  of  Occupation,  by  his  ceaseless 
energy  he  performed  his  duties  with  the  ut- 
most efficiency,  giving  the  closest  personal 
supervision  to  the  training,  discipline  and 
equipment  of  his  division.  His  brilliant  pro- 
fessional attainments  and  steadfast  devotion 
to  duty  were  reflected  in  the  high  standards 
maintained  throughout  the  organizations  un- 
der his  command,  rendering  important  services 
to  the  American  Expeditionary  Forces." 


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HARRY  J.  ADAMS,  Sergeant, 

Company  K,  353rd  Infantry, 

89th  Division. 

Adams  is  the  American  hunter  who  bagged  the  larg- 
est number  of  German  game. 

On  September  12,  1918,  after  the  town  of  Bouillon- 
ville  had  been  shelled  Sergeant  Adams  was  ordered 
by  his  Lieutenant  to  enter  the  town  and  bring  back 
a  prisoner.  Rushing  into  the  town  at  double  quick, 
Adams  spotted  a  German  soldier  and  chased  him 
into  a  little  stone  house.  The  Boche  fastened  the 
door  in  Adams'  face.  Sergeant  Adams  had  but  two 
shots  left  in  his  automatic.  He  fired  them  both 
through  the  door  and  ordered  the  Boche  to  surrender. 
The  Boche  came — and  after  him  one  Lieutenant 
Colonel,  eighteen  Staff  Officers  and  three  hundred 
and  fifty-five  soldiers — a  total  of  three  hundred  and 
seventy-five.  For  this  he  received  the  Croix  de 
Guerre  and  later  the  Distinguished  Service  Cross. 
It  is  reported  that  when  Sergeant  Adams  turned 
over  his  prisoners  to  his  Battalion  Headquarters  the 
instincts  of  a  filing  clerk  caused  him  to  insist  upon  a 
written  receipt  for  his  three  hundred  and  seventy- 
five. 

Sergeant  Adams'  citation  for  the  Distinguished  Serv- 
ice Cross  mentioned  the  number  of  his  prisoners  as 
"approximately  three  hundred"  while  the  specific 
statement  as  above  was  given  in  connection  with  his 
award  of  the  Croix  de  Guerre. 


[89] 


CHARLES  CAMERON,  Private, 

Company  B,  3rd  Machine  Gun  Battalion, 
1st  Division. 

"For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  near  Soissons, 
July  19,  1918." 

When  the  Infantry,  of  which  this  youngster  was  a 
part,  was  held  up  by  a  trench  occupied  by  Germans, 
he  voluntarily  ran  around  the  end  of  the  trench,  like 
a  football  player,  to  its  rear,  facing  the  American 
fire.  He  fired  into  the  trench,  killing  at  least  one  of 
the  enemy  and  frightening  the  Germans  into  the  be- 
lief that  they  were  "surrounded."  They  surrendered 
in  a  panic,  and  were  taken  prisoners  by  Private 
Cameron. 
Distinguished  Service  Cross. 


[93] 


MAJOR  GENERAL  JOSEPH  T.  DICKMAN 

Arrived  in  France,  March  14,  1918. 
Assignments : 

Commanded  3rd  Division,  March  30,  1917; 

Commanded  4th  Army  Corps,  August  18,  1918; 

Commanded  1st  Army  Corps,  October  12,  1918; 

Commanded  3rd  Army  (Army  of  Occupation). 
Born:  Ohio,  October  6,  1857. 
Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services  as  commander  of  the  Third 
Army,  American  Expeditionary  Forces. 
Commanded  the  Third  Division  and  contrib- 
uted in  large  measure  to  success  in  hurling 
back  the  final  German  general  attack  com- 
mencing July  14,  1918.  He  participated  in 
offensive  northward  to  Vesle  River;  com- 
manded successively  the  First  Army  Corps 
and  the  Third  Army  Corps  in  the  Argonne 
Forest  operation.  In  command  of  Third 
Army  of  occupation  at  Coblenz,  Germany." 

<G.  O.  136  (December  20,  1918). 


MAJOR  GENERAL  ROBERT  L.  HOWZE 

Arrived  in  France,  September  28,  1918. 
Assignments : 

Commanded  38th  Division ; 

Temporarily  assigned  to  78th  Division; 

Commanded  3rd  Division,  Army  of  Occupation. 
Engagements : 

Meuse-Argonne. 

Born:  Texas,  August  22,  1864. 
Distinguished  Service  Medal.     G.  O.  89. 


[101] 


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ALVIN  C.  YORK,  Sergeant, 

Company  G,  328th  Infantry, 

82nd  Division. 

Major  General  Duncan  said,  "The  exploit  of  this 
tall,  raw-boned,  Tennessee  mountaineer,  with  a  red 
face  and  red  hair,  is  the  most  remarkable  I  have 
heard  of  in  the  whole  war."  He  is  a  drafted  man. 
He  "got  religion"  previous  to  the  war.  Although  he 
had  toted  a  gun  ever  since  he  could  carry  one,  and 
was  an  excellent  squirrel  shot,  he  had  then  a  fixed 
conviction  that  it  was  wrong  to  kill.  However,  he 
did  not  resist  the  draft  and  in  fact  he  became  a  very 
excellent  corporal.  Captain  Danforth,  of  his  com- 
pany, took  an  interest  in  the  boy  and  as  a  result  of 
the  Captain's  use  of  scriptural  quotations,  York  was 
convinced  of  the  righteousness  of  the  war  and  decided 
to  fight. 

On  the  morning  of  the  8th  of  October,  1918,  he  was 
sent  out  with  a  combat  group,  in  charge  of  a  sergeant, 
to  put  certain  enemy  machine-guns  out  of  action. 
The  group  came  under  the  fire  of  a  Hun  machine- 
gun  nest  and  the  sergeant  in  command  and  all  the 
members  of  the  party  were  killed  outright  or  mor- 
tally wounded,  except  Corporal  York  and  seven  men. 
Corporal  York  assumed  command,  the  party  pro- 
ceeded, charged  the  machine-gun  nest,  captured  it 
and  took  several  prisoners.  The  little  party  then 
advanced  until  they  came  under  the  fire  of  a  line  of 
thirty-five  enemy  machine-guns.  In  a  moment  York 
was  fighting  a  battle  alone  against  the  thirty-five 
machine-guns.  In  fact,  he  out-fought  the  machine- 
gun  battalion  with  his  rifle  and  automatic  pistol.  He 
killed  twenty  of  the  Germans,  captured  one  hundred 
and  thirty-two  prisoners,  including  a  major  and  three 
lieutenants,  put  the  thirty-five  machine-guns  out  of 
business,  and  thereby  broke  up  an  entire  battalion 

[105] 


which  was  about  to  counter-attack  against  the  Ameri- 
cans on  Hill  223,  in  the  Argonne  section,  near  Cha- 
teau-Thierry. 

Corporal  York  delivered  his  prisoners  to  the  nearest 
battalion  headquarters,  which  was  not  his  own,  and 
at  his  own  headquarters  he  made  no  mention  of  his 
part  in  the  affair.  It  was  only  by  accident  that  the 
story  came  to  his  own  commander  from  an  adjacent 
battalion.  The  facts  were  then  verified  and  for  this 
action  York  received  the  Distinguished  Service  Cross 
and  later  the  Congressional  Medal  of  Honor.  The 
artist  asked  Corporal  York  if  he  were  married. 
"No,"  he  answered  slowly,  with  his  Southern  drawl, 
"I  was  always  a  kind  of  a  mommer's  boy." 

"I  certify  that  I  personally  counted  the 
prisoners  reported  to  the  P.  C.  of  the  2nd 
Battalion,  328th  Infantry,  by  Corporal 
Alvin  C.  York,  Company  G,  328th  Infan- 
try, on  October  8,  1918,  and  found  them  to 
be  one  hundred  and  thirty-two  in  number. 
Joseph  A.  Woods,  1st  Lieutenant, 

Assistant  Division  Inspector." 


[107] 


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GEORGE  E.  BURR,  Sergeant,  First  Class, 
Company  C,  107th  Field  Signal  Battalion, 
32nd  Division. 

"For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  near  Cierges, 
August  2,  1918." 

Sergeant  Burr,  in  charge  of  a  detachment,  strung 
wire  far  in  advance  of  the  front  lines,  working 
through  heavy  artillery  fire,  to  the  point  where  the 
regimental  post  of  command  was  to  be  situated,  one 
hundred  yards  from  the  enemy  line.  When  he  was 
ordered  to  leave  one  man  at  the  instrument  while  the 
rest  of  the  detachment  returned  to  the  rear,  Sergeant 
Burr  selected  himself  and  remained  alone  in  this 
dangerous  position.  The  men  of  his  detachment  say 
his  smile  "never  came  off." 


[in] 


-1       r  I. 


MAJOR  GENERAL  GEORGE  B.  DUNCAN 

Arrived  in  France,  June,  1917,  with  rank  of  Colonel. 

Promotions : 

Brigadier  General,  August  5,  1917 ; 
Major  General,  April  12,  1918. 

Assignments : 

Colonel,  26th  Infantry,  1st  Division; 

Commanded    1st   Brigade,    1st    Division,    August    5. 

1917; 

Commanded  77th  Division,  May  26,  1918; 
Commanded  82nd  Division,  October  15,  1918. 

Born:  Kentucky,  October  10,  1861. 

Distinguished   Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  Arriving  in  France  with  the 
first  contingent  of  American  troops,  he  com- 
manded in  turn  a  regiment,  brigade,  and  divi- 
sion with  conspicuous  success.  In  the  com- 
mand of  the  Seventy-seventh  Division,  in  the 
Baccarat  sector,  his  sound  military  judgment, 
energy,  and  resolution  were  important  factors 
in  the  successes  gained.  Later,  in  command 
of  the  Eighty-second  Division,  in  the  Argonne- 
Meuse  offensive,  he  proved  himself  a  brilliant 
leader,  with  great  force  and  energy."  G.  O. 
12  (January  17,  1919). 


[113] 


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PATRICK  WALSH,  Sergeant, 

Company  I,  18th  Infantry, 

1st  Division. 

Pat — you  know  it's  Pat — has  done  thirty-one  years 
of  service  in  the  U.  S.  Regular  Army.  He  is  the 
kind  of  sergeant  upon  whom  the  training  and  disci- 
pline of  the  Army  depend.  Wlien  we  went  into  the 
war  he  was  given  a  chance  to  retire  with  pension, 
having  served  his  full  time,  but  Walsh  preferred  to 
go  overseas  after  more  medals — and  won  them,  too— 
the  Distinguished  Service  Cross  and  the  Croix  de 
Guerre  with  Palm.  In  a  brilliant  manner  he  cap- 
tured a  nest  of  enemy  machine-guns  that  was  doing 
particular  damage  to  his  unit.  General  Pershing's 
congratulations  were  conveyed  to  Sergeant  Walsh 
through  the  First  Division  Headquarters  March  5, 
1918. 

According  to  his  citation  in  General  Orders  126, 
"He  voluntarily  followed  his  company  commander  to 
the  first  line  through  a  severe  barrage,  and  when 
the  captain  was  killed,  he  assumed  command  of  a 
group  on  his  own  initiative,  attacked  a  superior  force 
of  the  enemy  and  inflicted  heavy  losses  upon  them." 


[117] 


© 


MAJOR  GENERAL  EDWARD  F.  McGLACHLIN 

Arrived   in   France,   March    4,    1918,    with   rank    of 

Brigadier  General. 
Promoted  to  Major  General,  April  12,  1918. 

Born:  Wisconsin,  June  9,  1868. 

Distinguished   Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  As  commander  of  the  Ar- 
tillery of  the  First  Army  in  its  organization 
and  subsequent  operations  he  solved  the  diffi- 
cult problems  involved  with  rare  military 
judgment.  In  the  St.  Mihiel  and  Argonne- 
Meuse  offensives  his  qualities  as  a  leader  were 
demonstrated  by  the  effective  employment  of 
Artillery  that  was  planned  and  conducted 
under  his  direction.  He  later  commanded  with 
great  ability  and  success  the  First  Infantry 
Division  of  the  American  Expeditionary 
Forces."  G.  O.  12  (January  17,  1919). 


[121] 


^ArtAX3&4&^ 


MAJOR  GENERAL  JOHN  L.  HINES 

Arrived  in  France,  June  13,  1917,  with  rank  of  Lieu- 
tenant Colonel. 
Promotions : 

Colonel,   August   5,   1917; 
Brigadier  General,  April  12,  1918; 
Major  General,  August  8,  1918. 
Assignments : 

Commanded  16th  Infantry; 

Commanded  1st  Infantry  Brigade,  1st  Division,  May 

5,  1918; 

Commanded  4th  Division,  August  31,  1918; 
Commanded  3rd  Army  Corps,  October  12,  1918. 
Born:  West  Virginia,  May  21,  1868. 
Distinguished   Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services  as  regimental,  brigade,  divi- 
sion, and  corps  commander.  He  displayed 
marked  ability  in  each  of  the  important  duties 
with  which  he  was  intrusted  and  exhibited  in 
the  operations  near  Montdidier  and  Soissons 
and  in  the  St.  Mihiel  and  Argonne-Meuse 
offensives  his  high  attainments  as  a  soldier  and 
a  commander."  G.  O.  12  (January  17,  1919). 


[125] 


BRIGADIER  GENERAL  WALTER  D.  McCAW 

Arrived   in    France,   March   7,   1918,   with   rank   of 

Colonel. 

Promoted  to  Brigadier  General; 
Surgeon  General,  A.  E.  F. 
Born:  Virginia,  February  10,  1863. 
Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  His  counsel  and  advice  in 
the  earlier  stages  of  the  operations  of  the 
American  Expeditionary  Forces  were  of  par- 
ticular benefit  to  the  effective  work  of  the 
Medical  Department.  As  chief  surgeon  of 
the  American  Expeditionary  Forces,  in  the 
later  operations  in  the  field,  he  maintained  the 
splendid  efficiency  of  that  department  at  a 
critical  time  and  solved  each  new  problem 
presented  with  wisdom  and  marked  ability." 
G.  O.  12  (January  17,  1919). 


[129] 


ALAN  LOUIS  EGGERS,  Sergeant, 

Machine  Gun  Company,  107th  Infantry, 
27th  Division. 

JOHN  CRIDLAND  LATHAM,  Sergeant, 
Machine  Gun  Company,  107th  Infantry, 
27th  Division. 

"Sergeant  Alan  Louis  Eggers,  Sergeant  John  Grid- 
land  Latham  and  Corporal  Thomas  E.  O'Shea,  Ma- 
chine Gun  Company,  107th  Infantry — For  conspicu- 
ous gallantry  and  intrepidity  above  and  beyond  the 
call  of  duty,  in  action  with  the  enemy  near  Le  Catelet, 
September  29,  1918.  Becoming  separated  from  their 
platoon  during  a  smoke  barrage,  Sergeants  John 
Cridland  Latham,  Alan  Louis  Eggers  and  Corporal 
Thomas  E.  O'Shea  took  cover  in  a  shell  hole  well 
within  the  enemy's  lines.  Upon  hearing  a  call  for 
help  from  an  American  tank,  which  had  become  dis- 
abled thirty  yards  from  them,  the  three  men  left  their 
shelter  and  started  toward  the  tank,  under  heavy  fire 
from  German  machine-guns  and  trench  mortars.  In 
crossing  the  fire-swept  area  Corporal  O'Shea  was 
mortally  wounded,  but  his  companions,  undeterred, 
proceeded  to  the  tank,  rescued  a  wounded  officer  and 
two  men  and  assisted  them  to  cover  in  a  nearby 
trench.  Sergeants  Latham  and  Eggers  then  returned 
to  the  tank  in  the  face  of  violent  fire,  dismounted  a 
Hotchkiss  gun  and  took  it  back  to  where  the  wounded 
men  were,  all  day  keeping  off  the  enemy  by  effective 
use  of  the  gun,  and  later  bringing  it,  with  the 
wounded  men,  back  to  our  lines  under  cover  of  dark- 


ness." 


Medal  of  Honor. 


[133] 


u. 


MAURICE  N.  HOWE,  Captain, 

167th  Infantry, 

42nd  Division. 

"Captain  Maurice  N.  Howe,  167th  Infantry,  led  the 
most  brilliant  raid  ever  accomplished  by  this  division. 
In  September,  1918,  immediately  after  the  lines  had 
stabilized,  following  the  St.  Mihiel  Offensive,  the  84th 
Infantry  Brigade  of  the  42nd  Division  held  the  most 
northerly  part  of  the  line  (as  part  of  the  plan  of 
operation  preliminary  to  the  Verdun  Offensive)  and 
was  directed  to  take  prisoners.  A  simultaneous  raid 
with  artillery  preparation  was  planned  for  five  o'clock 
in  the  morning  for  both  the  167th  and  168th  Infantry. 
The  former  regiment  was  to  raid  Haumont,  then 
known  to  be  held  by  a  Jaeger  Battalion  and  the 
latter  regiment  was  to  clean  out  Marimbois  Farm. 
Captain  Howe  planned  and  executed  the  raid  of  the 
167th  Infantry,  commanding  his  entire  company. 
Under  cover  of  the  artillery  preparation,  he  pushed 
his  company  to  the  immediate  outskirts  of  Haumont 
on  which  the  artillery  was  firing,  and  the  moment 
the  artillery  lifted,  he  led  his  company  at  full  speed 
around  and  through  the  town  from  the  south  and 
when  he  reached  the  north  limit  of  the  town,  turned 
and  struck  back  for  his  lines,  killing  or  gathering 
in  all  Germans  that  were  encountered — a  total  of 
twenty-nine  prisoners.  While  the  town  was  being 
mopped  up,  Captain  Howe  maintained  his  com- 
mand at  the  church  and  after  the  last  man  of  his 
company  had  left,  followed  the  raiding  party  out 
so  as  to  make  sure  that  no  (wounded  or)  un wounded 
Americans  were  left  within  the  enemy  lines.  He 
then  returned  to  our  lines.  The  total  elapsed  time 
of  the  raid,  including  artillery  preparation,  was  fifty- 
three  minutes.  Forty  per  cent  of  the  outpost  com- 
pany of  a  well  known  Jaeger  Battalion  was  taken 

[137] 


prisoner,  and  due  to  Captain  Howe's  daring  and 
masterly  leadership,  the  total  American  casualties 
were  one  wounded." 

(Signed)  WOLF,  Chief -of -Staff, 

167th  Infantry. 
CITATION  : 

"For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  near  Haumont, 
France,  on  September  22,  1918. 
"Captain  Howe  commanded  an  early  morning  raid 
on  the  town  of  Haumont  and  not  only  executed  the 
raid  successfully,  but  returned  alone  a  second  time, 
to  be  sure  that  none  of  his  men  had  been  left  wounded. 
He  inflicted  severe  losses  on  the  enemy  and  took 
seventeen  prisoners." 
Distinguished  Service  Cross. 
Chevalier,  Ordre  Leopold  I. 


[139] 


LIEUTENANT  GENERAL  ROBERT  L.  BULLARD 

Arrived   in   France,    June   28,    1917,   with   rank   of 

Brigadier  General. 
Promotions : 

Major  General,  August  5,  1917; 
Lieutenant  General,  October  16,  1918. 
Assignments : 

Commanded  First  Division,  December  13,  1917 ; 
Commanded  First  Corps,  January  20,  1918; 
Commanded  Second  Army,  October,  1918. 
Born:  Alabama,  January  15,  1861. 
Distinguished   Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services  as  commander  of  the  Second 
Army  of  the  American  Expeditionary  Forces. 
In  the  course  of  this  war  he  commanded  in 
turn  the  first  American  division  to  take  its 
place  in  the  front  lines  in  France,  the  Third 
Corps,  and  the  Second  Army.  He  partici- 
pated in  operations  in  reduction  of  the  Marne 
salient  and  in  the  Meuse-Argonne  offensive. 
He  was  in  command  of  the  Second  Army  when 
the  German  resistance  west  of  the  Meuse  was 
shattered."  G.  O.  136  (December  20,  1918). 


[143] 


FRED  C.  STEIN,  Corporal, 

Company  F,  125th  Infantry, 

32nd  Division. 

"For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  near  Romagne, 
October  9,  1918. 

"Corporal  Stein  charged  and  captured  a  strong 
enemy  machine-gun  nest  and  immediately  turned  the 
gun  on  the  enemy.  He  was  twice  wounded  while 
changing  the  position  of  the  gun,  but  continued  to 
operate  it  under  heavy  shell  and  machine-gun  fire 
until  he  received  a  third  wound,  in  the  arm,  which 
made  it  impossible  for  him  to  further  operate  the 
gun/' 
Distinguished  Service  Cross. 


[145] 


© 


JAMES  B.  LEPLEY,  Sergeant, 

Company  M,  168th  Infantry, 

42nd  Division. 

On  July  28th,  near  Sergy,  he  led  his  platoon  for- 
ward in  the  face  of  heavy  machine-gun  fire,  and  in 
spite  of  being  wounded,  captured  six  machine-guns 
and  thirteen  prisoners  from  the  Prussian  Guards. 
Near  Souain,  to  the  northeast  of  Chalons-sur-Marne, 
on  the  night  of  July  14,  1918,  Sergeant  Lepley  left 
his  trench  and  returned  to  the  woods,  through  a 
smothering  fire  of  gas,  high  explosives  and  shrapnel, 
to  search  for  two  men  of  his  platoon  who  were  miss- 
ing. He  found  them  lost  in  the  woods  and  guided 
them  safely  back  to  the  platoon. 
Distinguished  Service  Cross. 


[149] 


5v 


JAMES  A.  MEISSNER,  Major, 

Air   Service,  Pilot, 

147th  Aero  Squadron. 

"For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  in  the  Toul 
sector  May  2,  1918." 

This  was  while  Meissner,  then  a  lieutenant,  was  at- 
tached to  the  94th  Aero  Squadron.  This  engage- 
ment was  with  a  German  Albatross  Scout— the  first 
enemy  plane  he  had  seen  in  the  air.  He  was  flying 
a  Nieuport  and  in  the  combat  the  entering  wedge  and 
upper  surface  of  fabric  were  torn  away  from  the  wing 
of  his  plane  and  he  was  subjected  to  heavy  fire  from 
anti-aircraft  batteries,  but  by  a  skilful  operation  and 
cool  judgment,  he  succeeded  in  making  a  landing 
within  the  American  lines.  A  Bronze  Oak  Leaf  was 
awarded  Meissner,  then  Captain,  for  each  of  the  fol- 
lowing acts  of  heroism  in  action: 
On  May  30,  1918,  he  attacked  two  enemy  planes  at 
an  altitude  of  4500  meters,  and  after  a  sharp  en- 
gagement shot  one  down  in  flames  and  forced  the 
other  back  into  its  own  territory.  One  of  his  wings 
was  again  torn  as  before,  but  he  was  able  to  land 
safely  on  the  home  field.  His  third  victory  was  in 
combat  with  a  Boche  Observation  Plane  over  Eply, 
June  5th.  This  after  a  long  chase.  His  fourth  vic- 
tory was  in  combat  with  another  Boche  Observation 
Plane,  June  13th,  over  Thiacourt. 
July  24th  he  was  assigned  to  command  the  147th 
Aero  Squadron  (this  when  he  was  21  years  old). 
August  1st,  aided  by  Lieutenant  Brotherton,  in  a 
fight  against  six  Fokker  Scouts,  he  won  his  fifth  vic- 
tory. During  the  St.  Mihiel  Drive  and  the  Argonne 
Drive,  he  operated  from  the  Rembercourt  Field,  do- 
ing low  patrols  from  100  to  1500  feet  high  and  spe- 
cializing in  attacks  on  enemy  observation  balloons  at 
dawn  and  sunset.  His  sixth  victory  was  in  combat 

[153] 


€> 


with  an  observation  plane  over  Nantillois  in  con- 
junction with  Lieutenant  O'Niel,  on  October  10th. 
October  28th  he  shot  down  an  observation  balloon 
east  of  Dun-sur-Meuse  at  dawn.  October  29th  he 
won  a  victory  over  an  observation  plane  (Rumpler) 
at  Buzancy. 

Total  combats,  about  20.  Promoted  to  Major  Octo- 
ber 4,  1918. 

Distinguished  Service  Cross  and  four  Bronze  Oak 
Leaves. 


DAVID  BINKLEY,  Sergeant. 

Company  I,  168th  Infantry, 

42nd  Division. 

"For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  at  Hill  212, 
near  Sergy,  northeast  of  Chateau-Thierry,  July  18, 
1918. 

"Private  Binkley  sought  and  obtained  permission  to 
go  out  in  front  of  our  lines  and  recover  his  corporal 
who  was  lying  severely  wounded  in  the  open."  He 
crossed  an  open  area  that  was  swept  for  more  than 
fifty  yards  by  enemy  machine  guns.  While  the  enemy 
fire  was  directed  at  him  he  reached  his  corporal, 
picked  him  up  and  carried  him  in  his  arms  safely 
back  into  our  lines.  Later  he  was  wounded  but  re- 
fused to  go  to  the  aid  station  until  his  company  had 
won  its  objective. 
Distinguished  Service  Cross. 


[157] 


MAJOR  GENERAL  ROBERT  ALEXANDER 

Arrived   in   France,   November,   1917,   with   rank   of 
Colonel. 

Promotions : 

Brigadier  General,  December  17,  1917 ; 
Major  General,  August  8,  1918. 

Assignments : 

Inspector  General,  Lines  of  Communication,  Novem- 
ber 23,  1917; 
Commanding  41st    (1st   Depot)    Division,   February 

13,  1918; 

Commanding  63rd  Infantry  Brigade,  August  3 ; 
Commanding  77th  Division,  September  7. 

Born:  Maryland,  October  12,  1863. 

Distinguished  Service  Cross. 

"For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  near 
Grand-Pre,  France,  October  11,  1918.  Dur- 
ing the  advance  in  the  Argonne  Forest,  and  at 
a  time  when  his  forces  were  fatigued  by  the 
stress  of  battle  and  a  long  period  of  active 
front-line  service,  Major  General  Alexander 
visited  the  units  in  the  front  line,  cheering  and 
encouraging  them  to  greater  efforts.  Unmind- 
ful of  the  severe  fire  to  which  he  was  sub j  ected, 
he  continued  until  he  had  inspected  each  group, 
his  utter  disregard  of  danger  and  inspiring 
example  resulting  in  the  crossing  of  the  Aire 
and  the  capture  of  Grand-Pre  and  St.  Juvin." 
G.  O.  35  (March  8,  1919). 


[161] 


MAJOR  GENERAL  HENRY  T.  ALLEN 

Arrived  in  France,  June  22,  1918; 

Organized,  trained,  and  fought  90th  Division; 

Later  organized  and  commanded  8th  Army  Corps. 
Born:  Kentucky,  April  13,  1859. 
Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  In  command  of  the  Nine- 
tieth Division.  He  had  the  most  important 
position  of  conducting  the  right  flank  at  the 
St.  Mihiel  salient.  The  brilliant  success  there 
gained  and  later  repeated  in  the  Argonne- 
Meuse  offensive  showed  him  to  be  an  officer 
of  splendid  judgment,  high  attainments,  and 
excellent  leadership.  Later  he  commanded  the 
Eighth  Army  Corps  with  skill  and  judgment." 
G.  O.  12  (January  17,  1919). 


[165] 


CSV 


MAJOR  GENERAL  GEORGE  BELL,  Jr. 

Arrived  in  France,  May  24,  1918; 
Commanded  the  33rd  Division,  May  25,  1918. 

Born:  Maryland,  January  23,  1859. 

Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  He  led  his  command,  with 
distinction,  in  the  offensive  operations  with 
the  British  which  resulted  in  the  capture  of 
Hamel  and  Hamel  Woods,  and  in  the  fighting 
on  the  Meuse  that  gained  the  villages  of 
Marcheville,  St.  Hilaire,  and  a  portion  of  Bois 
d'Harville.  He  displayed  a  high  order  of 
leadership  in  the  Argonne-Meuse  offensive, 
when  his  division  attacked  and  captured  the 
strongly  fortified  Bois  de  Forges.  The  suc- 
cessful operations  of  the  division  which  he 
trained  and  commanded  in  combat  were 
greatly  influenced  by  his  energy  and  abilities 
as  a  commander."  G.  O.  59  (May  3,  1919). 


[169] 


et  ft. 


BRIGADIER  GENERAL  THOMAS  B.  DUG  AN 

Assignments : 

70th  Infantry  Brigade; 

Later  commanded  35th  Division. 

Born :  Maryland,  July  27,  1858. . 

Distinguished   Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  He  commanded  the  70th 
Infantry  Brigade  during  a  part  of  the  Meuse- 
Argonne  offensive  with  great  distinction  and 
marked  ability.  By  his  painstaking  energy, 
zeal,  and  great  initiative  he  proved  to  be  a 
material  factor  in  the  successes  of  the  divi- 
sion." G.  O.  59  (May  3,  1919). 


[173] 


f 


H.  C.  DOUGHERTY,  Color-Sergeant, 

Headquarters  Company,  18th  Infantry, 

1st  Division. 

His  Division  Adjutant  designated  Dougherty  as  a 
"non-commissioned  officer  of  splendid  courage, 
energy  and  ability — an  example  to  all.  Notably  on 
July  21st  and  22nd,  when  in  command  of  reinforce- 
ments for  the  front  line,  he  carried  out  his  mission 
with  complete  success,  commanding  his  detachment 
with  the  greatest  skill,  coolness  and  energy.  Upon 
being  relieved,  he  returned  to  bring  out  on  his  back 
one  of  the  wounded  of  his  detachment." 
For  this  act  of  bravery  he  was  cited  by  the  com- 
manding general  of  the  First  Division  and  was  also 
awarded  the  Croix  de  Guerre. 

Color-Sergeant  Dougherty  participated  with  his  regi- 
ment in  all  its  battles,  including  the  St.  Mihiel  and 
the  Meuse-Argonne  offensives.  From  November  6 
to  11  he  particularly  distinguished  himself  in  the 
Ardennes  Drive.  Colonel  Hunt,  of  the  18th  Infan- 
try, wrote,  "Color-Sergeant  Dougherty,  when  at  the 
Picardy  front  April  28th  to  July  28th,  rendered  in- 
valuable services  to  the  regiment.  He  was  at  all 
times  an  example  of  the  best  type  of  an  American 
soldier." 
Distinguished  Service  Cross  and  the  Croix  de  Guerre. 


[177] 


BRIGADIER  GENERAL  DENNIS  E.  NOLAN 

Arrived    in    France,    June    13,    1917,    with    rank    of 

Major. 
Promotions: 

Colonel,  August  5,   1917; 
Brigadier  General,  August  8,  1918. 
Assignments : 

Assistant  Chief  of  Staff,  G.  H.  Q.,  2nd  Section  (In- 
telligence) ; 
Commanded   55th  Infantry  Brigade,   28th  Division, 

September  28 ; 

Assistant  Chief  of  Staff,  G.  H.  Q.,  2nd  Section  (In- 
telligence), October  10. 
Born:  New  York,  April  22,  1872. 
Distinguished  Service  Cross. 

"For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  near 
Apremont,  France,  October  1,  1918.  While 
the  enemy  were  preparing  a  counter-attack, 
which  they  preceded  by  a  terrific  barrage,  Gen. 
Nolan  made  his  way  into  the  town  of  Apre- 
mont and  personally  directed  the  movements 
of  his  tanks  under  a  most  harassing  fire  of 
enemy  machine-guns,  rifles,  and  artillery. 
His  indomitable  courage  and  coolness  so  in- 
spired his  forces  that  about  400  of  our  troops 
repulsed  an  enemy  attack  of  two  German 
regiments."  G.  O.  50  (April  12,  1919). 

Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  He  organized  and  admin- 
istered with  marked  ability  the  intelligence  sec- 
tion of  the  General  Staff  of  the  American 
Expeditionary  Forces.  His  estimates  of  the 
complex  and  everchanging  military  arid  politi- 

[181] 


cal  situation,  his  sound  judgment,  and  accurate 
discrimination  were  invaluable  to  the  Govern- 
ment, and  influenced  greatly  the  success  that 
attended  the  operations  of  the  American 
armies  in  Europe."  G.  O.  12  (January  17, 
1919). 


[183] 


MIECZYSLAW  BROCKI,  Corporal, 

Company  B,  16th  Infantry, 

1st  Division. 

For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  south  of  Soissons 
July  21,  1918,  Brocki  was  awarded  the  Distinguished 
Service  Cross.  On  this  date  German  machine-guns 
were  causing  very  heavy  losses  to  Company  B,  and 
Brocki,  on  his  own  initiative,  dashed  forward  with 
two  companions  through  the  heavy  fire  of  the  enemy, 
and  captured  two  German  machine-guns.  This  was 
only  one  incident  of  Corporal  Brocki's  exceptional 
activities  during  the  operations  from  July  18  to  22. 


[187] 


DOUGLAS  CAMPBELL,  Captain, 

Air  Service,  Pilot. 

"For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  on  May  19, 
1918. 

"Captain  Campbell  attacked  an  enemy  biplane  at  an 
altitude  of  4500  meters  east  of  Flirey.  He  rushed  to 
the  attack,  but  after  shooting  a  few  rounds,  his  gun 
jammed.  Undeterred  by  this  accident,  he  maneu- 
vered so  as  to  protect  himself,  corrected  the  jam  in 
mid-air  and  returned  to  the  assault.  After  a  short, 
violent  action  the  enemy  collapsed  and  crashed  to 
the  earth. 

"One  Bronze  Oak  Leaf  was  awarded  to  Captain 
Campbell  for  each  of  the  following  acts  of  extraor- 
dinary heroism  in  action: 

"On  May  27th  he  encountered  three  enemy  mono- 
planes at  an  altitude  of  3000  meters  over  Montsec. 
Despite  the  superior  strength  of  the  enemy,  he 
promptly  attacked  and,  fighting  a  brave  battle,  shot 
down  one  German  machine,  which  fell  in  three  pieces, 
and  drove  the  other  two  well  within  the  enemy  lines. 
On  May  28th  he  saw  six  German  Albatross  aero- 
planes flying  toward  him  at  an  altitude  of  3000 
meters,  near  Bois  Rata.  Regardless  of  personal  dan- 
ger, he  immediately  attacked  and  by  skilful  maneu- 
vering and  accurate  operation  of  his  machine  gun,  he 
brought  one  plane  down  in  flames  and  drove  the  other 
five  back  into  their  own  lines.  On  May  31st,  he  took 
the  offensive  against  two  German  biplanes  at  an  alti- 
tude of  2500  meters,  over  Lironville,  shot  down  one 
of  them  and  pursued  the  other  far  behind  the  German 
lines.  On  June  5th,  accompanied  by  another  pilot, 
he  attacked  two  enemy  battle-planes  at  an  altitude 
of  5700  meters  over  Eply.  After  a  spirited  combat, 
Captain  Campbell  was  shot  through  the  back  by  a 


machine  gun  bullet,  but  in  spite  of  his  injury,  kept 
on  fighting  until  he  had  forced  one  of  the  enemy 
planes  to  the  ground,  where  it  was  destroyed  by  ar- 
tillery fire,  and  had  driven  the  other  plane  back  into 
his  own  territory." 

Distinguished  Service  Cross  and  four  Bronze  Oak 
Leaves.  French  Legion  of  Honor. 


HAROLD  J.  DEVEREAUX,  Private, 

Company  M,   125th  Infantry. 

32nd  Division. 

When  General  LudendorfT  reported  that  the  Ameri- 
can soldier  is  less  a  soldier  and  more  a  "hunter,"  he 
evidently  had  in  mind  this  type. 
When  Devereaux's  company  had  crossed  the  River 
Ourcq  and  captured  the  Bois  Pelger,  the  corporal  of 
his  squad,  fighting  beside  Private  Devereaux,  was 
wounded  by  machine-gun  fire.  The  corporal  fell  to 
the  ground  and  the  enemy  continued  to  fire  on  the 
wounded  man.  This  peeved  Private  Devereaux,  who 
sprinted  across  the  open  and  single  handed  attacked 
and  put  out  of  action  that  machine-gun.  Devereaux 
is  one  of  the  "hunters"  who  won  the  Distinguished 
Service  Cross  and  the  Croix  de  Guerre  with  gilt  star. 


[193] 


MAJOR  GENERAL  WILLIAM  M.  WRIGHT 

Arrived  in  France,  April  16,  1918. 

Assignments : 

Commanded  35th  Division,  May  4 ; 
Commanded  3rd  Corps,  June  17; 
Commanded  5th  Corps,  July  10; 
Commanded  7th  Corps,  August  22; 
Commanded  89th  Division,  October  1 ; 
Commanded   1st  Corps. 

Born:  New  Jersey,  September  24,  1863. 

Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  He  commanded  in  turn  the 
Thirty-fifth  Division;  the  Third,  Fifth,  and 
Seventh  Army  Corps,  under  the  eighth  French 
Army  in  the  Vosges  Mountains,  and  later  com- 
manded the  Eighty-ninth  Division  in  the  St. 
Mihiel  offensive  and  in  the  final  operations  on 
the  Meuse  River,  where  he  proved  himself  to 
be  an  energetic  and  aggressive  leader."  G.  O. 
12  (January  17,  1919). 


[197] 


MAJOR  GENERAL  EDMUND  WITTENMYER 

Arrived    in   France,   April   30,    1918,    with   rank   of 

Brigadier  General. 

Promoted  to  Major  General,  October  13,  1918. 
Assignments  : 

Commanded  153rd  Infantry  Brigade,  77th  Division ; 
Commanded  7th  Division,  October  27. 
Born :  Ohio,  April  25,  1862. 
Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  He  served  with  marked 
distinction  as  brigade  commander  in  the  Ar- 
gonne-Meuse  offensive  and  as  division  com- 
mander in  the  final  operations  in  the  Toul 
sector,  and  in  both  capacities,  by  his  untiring 
efforts  and  breadth  of  vision,  proved  himself 
to  be  an  able  leader."  G.  O.  12  (January  17, 
1919). 


[201] 


\ 


RALPH  ATKINSON,  Sergeant, 

Headquarters  Company,  167th  Infantry, 
42nd  Division. 

"For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  near  Landres- 
et-St.  Georges,  October  16,  1918." 
During  the  attack  on  C6te-de-Chatillon  Sergeant 
Atkinson,  in  command  of  the  Stokes  Mortar  Platoon, 
was  advancing  with  the  first  wave  of  the  assault,  when, 
upon  nearing  the  objective  about  two  hundred  and 
fifty  of  the  enemy  formed  for  a  counter-attack.  At 
this  juncture  Sergeant  Atkinson  with  a  Stokes  mor- 
tar ran  out  under  heavy  fire  to  a  position  where  he 
could  get  a  fair  field  of  fire,  set  up  the  mortar  and 
opened  a  murderous  fire  on  the  approaching  enemy, 
dispersing  them  in  every  direction.  His  quick  action 
and  good  judgment  not  only  broke  up  the  enemy 
counter-attack  but  inflicted  very  severe  losses,  Atkin- 
son himself  showing  extraordinary  heroism  and  cour- 
age at  a  most  critical  time. 
Distinguished  Service  Cross. 


[205] 


•"V 

"*  ^ 


PEARL  J.  WINES,  Sergeant, 

Company  E,  358th  Infantry, 

90th  Division. 

Wines  was  wounded  at  St.  Mihiel,  September  12, 
1918.  Five  Germans  unexpectedly  jumped  upon 
him  and  "got  him"  in  the  side.  Down  went  Sergeant 
Wines,  but  up  again  and  at  the  five.  Unaided,  he 
engaged  the  entire  number.  Three  of  the  Germans 
perished  by  his  bayonet  and  the  other  two  he  drove 
back  as  prisoners  to  his  own  lines.  This  about  one 
kilometer  north  of  Fey-en-Haye. 
Distinguished  Service  Cross. 


PHILIP  BENSON,  First  Lieutenant, 

Air  Service,  Pilot, 

185th  Aero  Squadron. 

Volunteered  under  orders  for  night  bombing  and 
with  a  Sop  with  camel  was  particularly  efficient  in 
night  "chasse"  work.  He  was  one  of  those  who  had 
the  privilege  and  distinction  of  giving  the  Hun  a 
taste  of  his  own  medicine — this  by  dropping  bombs 
on  German  towns  and  firing  into  Hun  supply  trains. 


[  209] 


a 


i 


m 

T    yl 


m 


.*> 


MAJOR  GENERAL   CHARLES   P.   SUMMERALL 

Arrived  in  France,  October  31,  1917,  with  rank  of 

Brigadier  General. 

Promoted  to  Major  General,  June  26,  1918. 
Assignments : 

Commanded  67th  Field  Artillery  Brigade; 
Commanded    1st    Field    Artillery    Brigade,    Decem- 
ber 19; 

Commanded   1st  Division,  July  1 ; 
Commanded  5th  Corps,  October  18. 
Born:  Florida,  March  4,  1867. 
Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  He  commanded  in  turn  a 
brigade  of  the  First  Division  in  the  operations 
near  Montdidier,  the  First  Division  during  the 
Soissons  and  St.  Mihiel  offensives  and  in  the 
early  battles  of  the  Argonne-Meuse  advance, 
and  the  Fifth  Army  Corps  in  the  later  battles 
of  this  advance.  In  all  of  these  important 
duties  his  calm  courage,  his  clear  judgment, 
and  his  soldierly  character  had  a  marked  in- 
fluence in  the  attainment  of  the  successes  of 
his  commands."  G.  O.  12  (January  17,  1919) . 


[215] 


C.  9, 


BRIGADIER  GENERAL  WILLIAM  W.  HARTS 

Commanded  U.  S.  Troops,  Paris,  September  31,  1918. 
Before  that  date  was  American  Representative  at 
British  G.  H.  Q.  (France). 

Born:  Illinois,  August  29,  1866. 

Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  In  command  of  the  im- 
portant district  of  Paris,  by  his  painstaking 
efforts  and  able  direction  he  maintained  a  high 
standard  of  discipline  and  efficiency  among 
his  large  command.  By  his  tact  and  keen 
perception  he  handled  numerous  diplomatic 
affairs  with  great  satisfaction,  rendering  serv- 
ices of  superior  value  to  the  American  Expe- 
ditionary Forces." 


[219] 


MAJOR  GENERAL  JAMES   G.   HARBORD 

Arrived  in  France,  June  13,  1917,  with  rank  of  Lieu- 
tenant Colonel. 
Promotions : 

Brigadier  General,  August  5,  1917 ; 
Major  General,  June  26,  1918. 
Assignments : 

First  Chief  of  Staff,  A.  E.  F. ; 

Commanded  4th  Infantry  Brigade,  May  5,  1918; 

Commanded  2nd  Division,  July  1-July  5,  July  20- 

August  2; 
Commanding    General    of    the    Service    of    Supplies, 

July  26,  1918. 

Born:  Illinois,  March  21,  1866. 
Distinguished   Service  Medal. 

"For  his  most  exceptional  services  as  chief  of 
staff  of  the  American  Expeditionary  Forces, 
and  later  as  commanding  general,  Services  of 
Supply,  in  both  of  which  important  positions 
his  great  constructive  ability  and  professional 
attainments  have  played  an  important  part  in 
the  success  obtained  by  our  Armies.  Com- 
manded Marine  Brigade  of  Second  Division, 
Belleau  Wood,  and  later  ably  commanded 
Second  Division  during  attack  on  Soissons, 
France,  July  18,  1918."  G.  O.  36  (Decem- 
ber 20,  1918). 


[223] 


SIDNEY  E.  MANNING,  Corporal, 

Company  G,  167th  Infantry, 

42nd  Division. 

"For  conspicuous  gallantry  and  intrepidity  above 
and  beyond  the  call  of  duty  in  action  with  the  enemy 
near  Breuvannes,  France,  July  28,  1918.  When  his 
platoon  commander  and  platoon  sergeant  had  both 
become  casualties  soon  after  the  beginning  of  an  as- 
sault on  strongly  fortified  heights  overlooking  the 
Ourcq  River,  Corporal  Manning  took  command  of 
his  platoon,  which  was  near  the  center  of  the  attack- 
ing line.  Though  himself  severely  wounded,  he  led 
forward  the  35  men  remaining  in  the  platoon,  and 
finally  succeeded  in  gaining  a  foothold  on  the  enemy 
position,  during  which  time  he  had  received  more 
wounds  and  all  but  seven  of  his  men  had  fallen. 
Directing  the  consolidation  of  the  position,  he  held  off 
a  large  body  of  the  enemy  only  50  yards  away  by 
fire  from  his  automatic  rifle.  He  declined  to  take 
cover  until  the  line  had  been  entirely  consolidated 
with  the  line  of  the  platoon  on  the  flank,  when  he 
dragged  himself  to  shelter,  suffering  from  the  wounds 
in  all  parts  of  the  body." 
Distinguished  Service  Cross. 
Medal  of  Honor. 


[225] 


MAJOR  GENERAL  HANSON  E.  ELY 

Arrived    in    France,    June    15,    1917,    with    rank    of 

Colonel. 
Promotions : 

Brigadier  General,  July  9,  1918; 
Major  General,  October  4,  1918. 
Assignments : 

Chief  of  Staff,  1st  Division; 
Commanded  28th  Infantry; 

Commanded  3rd  Infantry  Brigade,  July  15,  1918 ; 
Commanded  5th  Division,  October  18,  1918. 
Born:  Iowa,  November  23,  1867. 
Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  He  commanded  with  skill 
and  marked  distinction  a  regiment  in  the 
trench  fighting  north  of  Toul,  in  the  operations 
west  of  Montdidier,  and  in  the  action  at  Can- 
tigny.  As  a  brigade  commander  at  Soissons 
and  as  a  division  commander  in  the  Argonne- 
Meuse  offensive  he  demonstrated  rare  capa- 
bilities as  a  commander."  G.  O.  12  (Janu- 
ary, 1919). 


[229] 


CHARLES  BASKERVILLE,  Jr.,  First  Lieutenant, 

166th  Infantry, 

42nd  Division. 

A  Plattsburg  graduate  who  went  overseas  with  the 
Rainbow  Division  October,  1917,  and  commanded 
his  company  during  the  winter  training  that  followed. 
He  went  into  the  trenches  in  the  Lorraine  sector 
February,  1918.  He  participated  in  many  patrols 
and  was  recommended  for  the  D.  S.  C.  for  his  ex- 
traordinary heroism.  On  June  5th,  when  in  charge 
of  a  patrol,  he  was  caught  between  two  barrages  and 
by  his  intrepidity  and  quick-wittedness  succeeded  in 
conducting  his  patrol  safely  through  the  barrages,  at 
the  same  time  keeping  the  enemy  from  making  a 
counter-attack. 

During  the  last  German  offensive  in  the  Champagne 
sector,  on  July  14-15,  he  was  cited  for  "gallant  and 
meritorious  conduct"  by  his  Colonel  for  refusing  to 
be  evacuated  or  to  leave  his  company,  although  badly 
wounded  and  gassed.  In  fact,  a  serious  shoulder 
wound  was  not  dressed  for  thirty  hours  during  this 
action. 

"Later,  in  the  Aisne-Marne  offensive  north  of  Cha- 
teau-Thierry he  again  gave  evidence  of  rare  courage 
and  faithfulness  to  duty,"  as  is  recorded  in  his  cita- 
tion. After  several  months  in  hospitals  he  acted  as 
a  confidential  courier  in  the  Argonne  offensive,  was 
later  assigned  to  duty  at  the  German  Officer  Prisoner 
of  War  Enclosure  at  Richelieu  where  he  served  until 
invalided  home,  in  January,  1919,  to  be  honorably 
discharged  as  disabled  by  wounds. 


[233] 


\r\ 


BRIGADIER  GENERAL  FOX  CONNER 

Arrived  in  France,  June  13,  1917,  with  rank  of  Lieu- 
tenant Colonel. 
Promotions : 

Colonel,  August  5,  1917 ; 

Brigadier  General,  August  8,  1918; 

Assistant  Chief  of  Staff,  G.  H.  Q.,  Chief  of  Third 

Section   (Operations). 
Born:  Mississippi,  November  2,  1874. 
Distinguished   Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  As  assistant  chief  of  staff  in 
charge  of  the  operations  section  he  has  shown  a 
masterful  conception  of  all  the  tactical  situa- 
tions which  have  confronted  the  American 
forces  in  Europe.  By  his  high  professional 
attainments  and  sound  military  judgment  he 
has  handled  with  marked  skill  the  many  de- 
tails of  the  complex  problems  of  organization 
and  troop  movements  that  were  necessitated  by 
the  various  operations  of  the  American  Ex- 
peditionary Forces."  G.  O.  12  (January  17, 
1919). 


[237] 


I 


MAJOR   GENERAL  WILLIAM   H.   HAY 

Arrived    in    France,    June    19,    1918,    with    rank    of 

Brigadier  General. 
Promoted  to  Major  General,  October  1,  1918. 

Assignments : 

Commanded   184th  Brigade,  92nd  Division; 
Commanded  28th  Division,  October  26,  1918. 

Born:  Florida,  July  16,  1880. 

Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  As  commander  of  the  184th 
Infantry  Brigade  he  showed  efficient  leader- 
ship. Promoted  to  major  generalship  in  the 
early  part  of  October,  1918,  he  took  command 
of  the  28th  Division,  and  by  his  marked  ability 
and  great  energy  he  contributed  to  the  suc- 
cesses attained  by  the  division  during  the  time 
in  which  he  was  in  command.  He  rendered 
services  of  a  high  character  to  the  American 
Expeditionary  Forces."  G.  O.  89  (July  15, 
1919). 


[  241  ] 


MAJOR  GENERAL  JOHN  F.  O'RYAN 
Arrived  in  France,  October  5,  1917. 
Commanded  27th  Division. 

Born:  New  York,  August  21,  1874. 

Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  As  commander  of  the 
Twenty-seventh  Division  in  its  successful 
operations  with  the  British  in  France  in  the 
autumn  of  1918  he  displayed  qualities  of  skill 
and  aggressiveness  which  mark  him  as  a  leader 
of  ability.  In  the  breach  of  the  Hindenburg 
line  between  St.  Quentin  and  Cambria  the 
name  of  his  division  is  linked  with  the  British 
in  adding  new  laurels  to  the  allied  forces  in 
France."  G.  O.  12  (January  17,  1919). 


[245] 


/f/7 


THOMAS  H.  FALLAW,  Captain, 

167th  Infantry, 

42nd  Division. 

"For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  near  Landres- 
et-St.  Georges,  October  16,  1918. 
"In  the  attack  on  the  C6te-de-Chatillon,  seeing  that 
the  entire  advance  was  being  held  up  in  an  open  field 
by  heavy  machine-gun  fire  from  the  edge  of  the  wood, 
Captain  Fallaw  organized  a  detachment  and  led  it 
in  a  rush  on  the  woods  under  heavy  fire,  making  a 
daring  and  vigorous  attack  on  the  enemy  machine- 
gun  nests,  clearing  the  edge  of  the  woods,  capturing 
prisoners,  and  inflicting  severe  losses  on  the  enemy. 
Through  this  gallant  act  Captain  Fallaw  gained  the 
final  objective  with  a  minimum  loss  to  his  command 
and  set  an  inspiring  example  of  disregard  for  per- 
sonal safety  and  devotion  to  duty." 
Citation  for  Distinguished  Service  Cross. 


F.  H.  McKAIG,  Corporal, 

83rd  Company,  6th  Marines, 

2nd  Division. 

Corporal  McKaig  was  one  of  the  boys  who  "held 
'em"  at  Chateau-Thierry.  He  showed  extraordinary 
heroism  while  acting  as  battalion  runner,  repeatedly 
carrying  important  messages  through  heavy  fire  of 
enemy  machine-guns  and  artillery  and  gas  and  under 
the  bombs  of  enemy  planes.  This  on  the  night  of 
September  14,  1918,  while  the  Germans  were  counter- 
attacking near  Jaulny. 


[249] 


HERMAN  KORTH,  Sergeant, 

Company  D,  121st  Machine  Gun  Battalion, 

32nd  Division. 

"For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  at  Juvigny, 
north  of  Soissons,  August  31,  1918." 
This  man  was  born  in  a  little  German  town,  but  was 
made  in  America.  Out  on  the  brow  of  a  gently  slop- 
ing hill  went  Korth  alone.  The  enemy  machine-guns 
were  below  the  slope  of  the  hill,  and  it  was  impossible 
for  our  gunners  to  see  their  location,  so  Korth  volun- 
teered to  go  out  on  the  hill  top  and  drive  stakes  to 
line  our  artillery  fire  on.  There,  within  sight  of  the 
enemy,  he  remained  directing  our  artillery  fire,  his 
chance  for  life  one  in  a  million. 
Distinguished  Service  Cross. 


[255] 


BRIGADIER  GENERAL  WALTER  A.  BETHEL 

Arrived  in  France,  June  13,  1917,  with  rank  of  Lieu- 
tenant Colonel. 

Promoted : 

Brigadier  General,  August  5,  1917; 
Judge  Advocate,  A.  E.  F. 

Born:  Ohio,  November  25,  1866. 

Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  As  judge  advocate  of  the 
American  Expeditionary  Forces  he  organized 
this  important  department  and  administered 
its  affairs  with  conspicuous  efficiency  from  the 
date  of  the  arrival  in  France  of  the  first  Ameri- 
can combat  troops.  His  marked  legal  ability 
and  sound  judgment  were  important  factors  in 
the  splendid  work  of  his  department,  and  he  at 
all  times  handled  with  success  the  various  mili- 
tary and  international  problems  that  arose  as 
a  result  of  the  operations  of  our  armies." 
G.  O.  12  (January  17,  1919). 


[257] 


MAJOR  GENERAL  CHARLES  J.  BAILEY 

Arrived  in  France,  August  18,  1918; 

Commanded   the   81st   Division,   September   7,    1918. 

Born:  Pennsylvania,  June  21,  1859. 

Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services. 

He  commanded  the  81st  Division,  with  dis- 
tinction, throughout  its  operations  beginning 
October  1,  1918.  The  excellent  conduct  of  this 
division  was  due,  in  a  large  measure,  to  his 
great  military  knowledge,  energy  and  zeal. 
He  has  shown  qualities  of  able  leadership  and 
has  rendered  services  of  great  value  to  the 
American  Expeditionary  Forces." 


[261] 


€> 


MAJOR  GENERAL  CHARLES  T.  MENOHER 

Arrived  in  France,  August  13,   1917,  with  rank  of 

Brigadier  General. 

Promoted  to  Major  General,  November  28,  1917. 
Assignments : 

Commanded  42nd  Division,  November  1,  1917; 
Commanded  6th  Army   Corps,   November   10,   1918. 
Born:  Pennsylvania,  March  20,  1862. 
Distinguished   Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  In  command  of  the  Forty- 
second  Division  from  Chateau-Thierry  to  the 
conclusion  of  the  Argonne-Meuse  offensive, 
including  the  Baccarat  sector,  Rheims,  Vesle, 
and  at  the  St.  Mihiel  salient,  this  officer,  with 
his  division,  participated  in  all  of  those  im- 
portant engagements.  The  reputation  as  a 
fighting  unit  of  the  Forty-second  Division  is 
in  no  small  measure  due  to  the  soldierly  quali- 
ties and  the  military  leadership  of  this  officer." 
G,  O.  12  (January  17,  1919). 


[265] 


\ 


PAUL  W.  BRADLEY,  Corporal, 

Machine  Gun  Company,  165th  Infantry, 
42nd  Division. 

Cited  four  times  for  extraordinary  heroism  in  action : 
April  26,  1918,  Ancerviller;  July  29,  Meurcy  Farm 
(Chateau-Thierry)  ;  October  14,  near  Landres-et-St. 
Georges  (Meuse-Argonne)  ;  and  November  3,  in  the 
advance  on  Sedan. 

"When  an  enemy  shell  struck  the  gun  position  of 
his  squad  near  Ancerviller  severely  wounding  him, 
Corporal  Bradley,  then  a  private,  coolly  removed  the 
gun  to  a  place  of  safety  and  returned  for  the  tripod, 
being  wounded  for  the  second  time  in  so  doing." 
Near  Meurcy  Farm  this  soldier,  in  command  of  his 
squad,  was  severely  wounded  in  the  arm  by  machine- 
gun  fire,  but  refused  medical  treatment,  remaining 
with  his  command  until  the  objective  had  been  taken 
and  the  line  firmly  established. 

"During  the  advance  on  the  enemy  position  near 
Landres-et-St.  Georges,  Corporal  Bradley  again  dis- 
played conspicuous  coolness  and  courage  in  taking 
charge  of  his  section,  after  the  section-sergeant  had 
been  wounded,  and  directing  the  placing  and  firing 
of  the  guns." 
Distinguished  Service  Cross. 


[269] 


BRIGADIER  GENERAL  EDGAR  RUSSEL 

Arrived    in    France,    June    13,    1917,    with    rank    of 
Colonel. 

Promoted  to  Brigadier  General,  August  5,  1917; 

Chief  of  the  Signal  Corps,  A.  E.  F. 
Born:  Missouri,  February  20,  1862. 
Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptonally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  As  chief  signal  officer, 
American  Expeditionary  Forces,  he  has 
shown  great  ability  in  the  organization  and 
administration  of  his  department  and  the  re- 
sults attained  are  largely  due  to  his  zeal  and 
energy.  The  Signal  Corps  in  France  stands 
out  as  one  of  the  masterful  accomplishments 
of  the  American  Expeditionary  Forces,  and 
to  General  Russel  is  due  the  credit  for  its 
foundation  and  organization."  G.  O.  12 
(January  17,  1919). 


[273] 


AUGUST  STEIDL,  Sergeant, 

Company  A,  26th  Infantry, 

1st  Division. 

Cited  for  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  from  July 
18  to  23,  1918. 

"Steidl  showed  exceptional  bravery  and  control  over 
his  platoon  while  advancing  through  enemy  machine- 
gun  and  artillery  fire  before  reaching  his  final  ob- 
jective, which  he  took,  in  spite  of  wounds,  gas,  and 
shell  shock." 

For  further  acts  of  extraordinary  heroism  he  was 
awarded  the  Croix  de  Guerre  with  Palm,  and  the 
Medaille  Militaire. 


277  ] 


GRADY  PARRISH,  Sergeant, 

Company  G,  167th  Infantry, 

42nd  Division. 

"For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  near  C6te-de- 
Chatillon,  October,  16,  1918. 

After  his  platoon  commander  had  been  severely 
wounded  and  his  platoon  had  suffered  heavy  casual- 
ties, Sergeant  Parrish  quickly  reorganized  the  re- 
mainder of  the  platoon  and  personally  led  it  in  the 
attack  on  C6te-de-Chatillon.  By  his  daring  acts, 
coolness,  and  good  judgment,  he  broke  up  a  heavy 
enemy  counter-attack  on  his  front,  thereby  saving  his 
men  and  being  an  example  of  exceptional  heroism 
and  devotion  to  duty." 
Distinguished  Service  Cross. 


STACY  A.  LEWIS,  Sergeant, 

Company  A,  2nd  Machine  Gun  Battalion, 

1st  Division. 

"For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  near  Soissons, 
July  22,  1918. 

"He    voluntarily    organized    a    machine-gun    crew, 
moved  forward  in  front  of  the  Infantry  under  heavy 
machine-gun  and  shell  fire,  killed  an  entire  enemy 
machine-gun  nest,  and  captured  the  guns." 
Distinguished  Service  Cross. 


[281] 


€> 


JOHN  R.  O'BRIEN,  Corporal, 

Company  K,  23rd  Infantry, 

2nd  Division. 

"After  his  platoon  commander  had  been  severely 
wounded  and  his  platoon  sergeant  killed,  he  assumed 
command  of  the  platoon,  keeping  the  men  well  up 
on  the  line,  controlling  their  fire  and,  by  good  advice 
and  judgment,  conserving  life.  This  on  the  6th  of 
June,  1918." 

On  June  18th  a  particularly  pesky  nest  of  enemy 
machine-guns  were  blazing  with  a  deadly  fire  at  Com- 
pany K.  That's  this  boy's  company — and  "up  and  at 
'em"  went  Corporal  J.  R.  O'Brien,  of  Boston.  That 
machine-gun  nest  received  O'Brien's  particular  at- 
tention. For  his  nerve  a  French  general  decorated 
him  with  the  Medaille  Militaire  and  the  Croix  de 
Guerre  with  Palm,  and  kissed  him  on  the  cheek. 


[287] 


c 


MAJOR  GENERAL  WALTER  H.  GORDON 

Arrived  in  France,  May  1,  1918,  with  rank  of  Briga- 
dier General. 

Promoted  to  Major  General,  August  8,  1918. 
Assignments : 

Commanded  10th  Brigade,  5th  Division; 
Commanded  6th  Division,  August  1,  1918. 
Born:  Mississippi,  June  24,  1863. 
Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  As  Brigade  Commander  of 
the  10th  Infantry  Brigade,  he  showed  great 
energy  and  zeal  in  the  conduct  of  his  Brigade 
during  the  major  part  of  its  manoeuvers. 
Later,  as  Division  Commander  of  the  6th 
Division,  by  his  painstaking  efforts,  he 
brought  this  division  to  a  marked  state  of 
efficiency,  rendering  services  of  great  value  to 
the  American  Expeditionary  Forces."  G.  O. 
70. 


[289] 


€>. 
.«%«•>?< 


^> 


BRIGADIER  GENERAL  BENJAMIN  D.  FOULOIS 

Arrived  in  France,  November  12,  1917. 
Assignments : 

Chief    of   Air    Service,    November    17,    1917 — May, 

1918; 
Chief   of   Air    Service,    First    Army,   May,    1918— 

July,  1918; 

Assistant  Chief  of  Air  Service,  A.  E.  F.,  July,  1918. 
Born:  Connecticut,  December  9,  1879. 

Cited  for  especially  meritorious  services  by  the  Commander- 
in-Chief,  A.  E.  F. 


[293] 


BRIGADIER  GENERAL  SAMUEL  D.  ROCKENBACH 

Arrived    in    France,    June    13,    1917,    with    rank    of 

Colonel. 

Promoted  to  Brigadier  General,  June  26,  1918; 
Chief  of  Tank  Corps. 

Born:  Virginia,  January  27,  1869. 

Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished service.  As  quartermaster  of  Base 
Section  No.  1,  St.  Nazaire,  from  June  to 
December,  1917,  he  rendered  especially  valu- 
able services.  Confronted  with  a  problem  of 
great  magnitude  befraught  with  serious  diffi- 
culties, he  went  about  his  task  with  keen 
determination,  and  by  his  energy  and  great 
zeal  organized  and  efficiently  operated  the  first 
American  base  in  France.  Later  as  Chief  of 
the  Tank  Corps,  by  his  tireless  energy  and 
keen  determination  he  established  schools  of 
training  for  tank  personnel  and  laid  the  foun- 
dation for  the  organization  of  the  tank  units. 
He  ably  directed  the  operations  of  the  tanks 
with  the  First  Army  and  contributed  in  a 
measure  to  the  success  attained."  G.  O.  78 
(June  16,  1919). 


[297] 


1  ^ 


WILLIAM  A.  HARTMAN,  Sergeant, 

Company  F,  107th  Engineers, 

32nd  Division. 

"He  was  a  member  of  a  patrol  sent  out  from  the 
battalion  post  of  command  at  midnight,  August  4, 
1918,  to  reconnoiter  the  Vesle  River  front,  near 
Fismes,  for  the  location  of  possible  sites  for  pontoon 
bridges  and  of  material  for  making  such  structures. 
Despite  heavy  artillery  and  machine-gun  fire  that 
forced  the  patrol  to  scatter  and  separated  him  from 
the  lieutenant  in  charge,  he  continued  the  work  on 
his  own  initiative,  and,  acting  entirely  without  orders, 
started  his  detail  on  the  actual  construction  of  rafts 
for  the  pontoon  bridges.  His  courage,  ability  as  a 
leader,  and  his  inflexible  determination  made  the 
reconnaissance  a  complete  success." 
In  his  portrait  Sergeant  Hartman  is  exhibiting  two 
cubes  of  "T  N  T",  the  wire  used  in  fastening  the 
explosive,  and  a  spool  of  time-fuse. 
Distinguished  Service  Cross. 


[301] 


BRIGADIER  GENERAL  ROBERT  C.  DAVIS 

Arrived  in  France,  July  28,  1917,  with  rank  of  Major. 
Promotions  : 

Lieutenant  Colonel,  August  5,  1917; 

Colonel,  May  9,  1918; 

Brigadier  General,  June  26,  1918; 

Adjutant  General,  A.  E.  F. 
Born :  Pennsylvania,  October  12,  1876. 
Distinguished   Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  As  adjutant  general  of  the 
American  Expeditionary  Forces  he  has  per- 
formed his  exacting  duties  with  high  profes- 
sional skill  and  administrative  ability.  The 
exceptional  efficiency  of  the  adjutant  general's 
department  under  his  direction  was  a  material 
factor  in  the  success  of  the  staff  work  at  gen- 
eral headquarters."  G.  O.  12  (January  17, 
1919). 


[  305  ] 


MAJOR  GENERAL  JOHN  A.  LEJEUNE 

Arrived  in  France,  June  8,  1918,  with  rank  of  Briga- 
dier General. 

Promoted  to  Major  General,  August  30,  1918. 
Assignments : 

Commanded  64th   Brigade,   32nd   Division,   July   5, 

1918; 
Commanded  4th    Brigade,    Marines,    2nd    Division, 

July  25 ; 

Commanded  2nd  Division,  July  28. 
Born:  Louisiana,  January  10,  1867. 
Distinguished   Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  He  commanded  the  Second 
Division  in  the  successful  operations  of  Thiau- 
court,  Masif  Blanc  Mont,  St.  Mihiel,  and  on 
the  west  bank  of  the  Meuse.  In  the  Argonne- 
Meuse  offensive  his  division  was  directed  with 
such  sound  military  judgment  and  ability  that 
it  broke  and  held,  by  the  vigor  and  rapidity 
of  execution  of  its  attacks,  enemy  lines  which 
had  hitherto  been  considered  impregnable." 
G.  O.  12  (January  17,  1919). 


[309] 


%   ..4 


DOUGALD  FERGUSON,  Sergeant, 

Machine  Gun  Company,  126th  Infantry, 
32nd  Division. 

"For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action. 
"When  the  Infantry  on  his  right  was  held  up  by  fire 
of  an  enemy  machine-gun  at  Cierges,  northeast  of 
Chateau-Thierry,  August  1,  1918,  he  seized  a  rifle 
and  rushed  around  the  flank  of  the  enemy's  position, 
bayoneting  two  of  the  machine-gun  crew  and  shoot- 
ing the  third,  thus  enabling  the  Infantry  to  advance." 
Distinguished  Service  Cross. 
Croix  de  Guerre  with  Palm. 


FRED  CARNEY,  Private, 

Company  G,  26th  Infantry, 

1st  Division. 

"With  great  coolness  and  bravery,  under  machine- 
gun  and  shell  fire,  maintained  liaison  between  his 
battalion  and  company  and  assisted  in  reorganizing 
his  platoon  after  the  platoon  commander  was 
wounded"  (citation,  December  13th) — this  during 
operations  between  the  Argonne  and  the  Meuse. 
His  Commanding  Officer  selected  Private  Carney  as 
his  "ideal  soldier." 


[313] 


:~ 


MAJOR  GENERAL  ADELBERT  CRONKHITE 

Arrived  in  France,  May  30,  1918. 

Assignments : 

Commanded  80th  Division,  June  22,  1918; 
Commanded  9th  Army  Corps,  November  25. 

Born:  New  York,  January  5,  1861. 

Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  He  commanded  the  Eighti- 
eth Division  during  the  Argonne-Meuse  offen- 
sive where  he  demonstrated  great  ability  as  a 
leader  and  proved  himself  a  commander  of 
initiative  and  courage."  G.  O.  12  (January 
17,  1919). 


[819] 


/  n 


ALBERT  W.  FRITZ,  Private, 

Company  I,  16th  Infantry, 

1st  Division. 

This  big  fellow  looks  like  a  Gibson  man,  but  his  buddy 
says  "he  fights  like  the  devil."  He  received  the 
D.  S.  C.  for  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  south  of 
Soissons,  July  16-23,  1918.  During  these  five  days 
Private  Fritz  was  twice  wounded,  but  he  was  an 
ammunition  carrier  and  his  machine-gun  company 
needed  ammunition,  so  in  spite  of  his  two  wounds 
and  in  spite  of  the  heavy  shell  fire  to  which  he  was 
constantly  exposed,  this  young  giant  continued  to 
carry  ammunition  through  the  entire  action. 


[321] 


MAJOR  GENERAL  WILLIAM  C.  LANGFITT 

Arrived  in  France,  August  17,  1917,  with  rank  of 

Brigadier  General. 

Promoted  to  Major  General,  December  17,  1917; 
Chief  of  Enginers,  A.  E.  F. 

Born:  Virginia,  August  10,  1860. 

Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  As  director  of  light,  rail- 
ways, and  roads,  and  later  as  chief  of  utilities 
he  displayed  great  ability  and  marked  breadth 
of  vision.  As  chief  engineer  of  the  American 
Expeditionary  Forces  his  brilliant  profes- 
sional attainments,  untiring  energy,  and  devo- 
tion to  duty  placed  his  department  in  a  state 
of  efficiency  and  enabled  it  to  perform  its  im- 
portant function  in  the  most  satisfactory  man- 
ner." G.  O.  12  (January  17,  1919). 


[325] 


BRIGADIER  GENERAL  EDWARD  A.  KREGER 

Arrived  in  France,  March  21,  1918. 
Judge  Advocate. 

Born:  Iowa,  May  31,  1868. 

Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  As  Acting  Judge  Advocate 
General  for  the  American  Expeditionary 
Forces  he  organized  and  efficiently  adminis- 
tered his  office,  performing  exacting  duties 
with  marked  distinction.  His  masterful 
knowledge  of  military  law,  his  foresight  and 
practical  comprehension  of  the  complex  prob- 
lems involved  in  his  work,  enabled  him  to  per- 
form it  with  noteworthy  success.  His  counsel 
was  wise;  his  decisions  were  just.  His  services 
to  the  American  Expeditionary  Forces  have 
been  of  great  value."  G.  O.  47  (April  7, 
1919). 


[329] 


V, 


JAMES  W.  STOWERS,  Sergeant, 

Machine  Gun  Company,  167th  Infantry, 
42nd  Division. 

Colonel  Wm.  P.  Screws,  commanding  the  167th  In- 
fantry, wrote  of  Sergeant  Stowers  as  follows: 
"He  has  been  with  the  organization  in  all  its  cam- 
paigns and  battles  and  has  made  an  excellent,  cou- 
rageous soldier,  and  has  shown  marked  ability  as  a 
leader  on  all  occasions,  both  on  and  off  the  battle- 
field, and  his  conduct  and  deportment  have  been  a 
model  for,  and  inspiration  to,  the  men  of  this  com- 
mand."— January  2,  1918. 

He  was  cited  for  rushing  into  the  open  under  fire 
of  enemy  machine-guns  and  high  explosive  shells, 
through  an  area  flooded  with  gas,  to  the  assistance 
of  a  wounded  comrade  who  was  lying  exposed.  Ser- 
geant Stowers  brought  the  wounded  man  safely  back 
in  his  arms. 


[833] 


MAJOR  GENERAL  CLARENCE  R.  EDWARDS 

Arrived  in  France,  October  10,  1917. 

Commanded  26th  Division,  December  8,  1917. 
Engagements : 

Champagne-Marne. 

Aisne-Marne. 

St.  Mihiel. 

Meuse-Argonne. 
Born:  Ohio,  January  1,  1859. 


[337] 


MAJOR  GENERAL  HARRY  C.  HALE 

Arrived  in  France,  September  3,  1918. 
Commanded  26th  Division,  November  16,  1918. 
Born:  Illinois,  July  10,  1861. 


[341] 


i 


CHARLES  S.  HOOVER,  Sergeant, 

308th  Battery,  Trench  Artillery, 

158th  Field  Artillery  Brigade. 

Sergeant  Hoover  was  awarded  the  D.  S.  C.  and  the 
Croix  de  Guerre  with  gilt  star,  for  his  intrepidity 
during  the  offensive  action  in  the  Boissois  Bois,  where 
he  was  in  charge  of  trench  mortars.  This  was  near 
Brabant-sur-Meuse,  October  23,  1918. 
Wounded  by  shrapnel  and  knocked  down  by  the  ex- 
plosion of  bombs,  Hoover  crawled  to  the  one  mortar 
that  was  undamaged  and  continued  to  fire  for  some 
time,  until  it  and  he  were  put  out  of  action. 


GEORGE  W.  LANGHAM,  Private, 

Company  H,  128th  Infantry, 

32nd  Division. 

"For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  near  Juvigny, 
north  of  Soissons,  August  20  to  September  2,  1918. 
"Though  he  had  been  severely  gassed  Private  Lang- 
ham  remained  on  duty  with  his  company  while  it  was 
in  the  front  line.  Later,  when  it  was  in  support,  he 
voluntarily  aided  in  the  work  of  carrying  wounded 
across  an  area  covered  by  artillery  and  machine-gun 
fire." 
Distinguished  Service  Cross. 


[345] 


© 


WALTER  E.  GAULTNEY,  Corporal, 

Company  K,  llth  Infantry, 

5th  Division. 

Corporal  Gaultney  was  picked  out  by  his  commander 
as  the  example  of  his  finest  type  of  soldier.  He  was 
wounded,  but  that  couldn't  stop  him.  Alert,  inge- 
nious, speedy,  heedless  of  personal  danger,  he  went  at 
the  Hun  like  Samson  with  the  well  known  jaw-bone 
— only  this  young  Samson's  jaw-bone  was  that  nice 
long  trench  knife  you  see  strapped  along  his  pack, 
just  east  of  his  smile. 


[351] 


,/ 


MAJOR  GENERAL   CLEMENT   A.   F.  FLAGLER 

Arrived    in    France,    June    11,    1918,    with    rank    of 
Brigadier  General. 

Promoted  to  Major  General,  October  1,  1918; 
Assignments : 

Commanded    5th   Field   Artillery   Brigade,    June    11, 
1918; 

Chief  of  Artillery,  3rd  Corps,  October  15 ; 

Commanded  42nd  Division,  Army  of  Occupation. 
Engagements : 

St.  Mihiel 

Meuse-Argonne. 

Born:  Georgia,  August  17,  1867. 

Cited  by  the  Commander-in-Chief,  A.  E.  F.,  April  19,  1919. 
"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  conspicuous  services  as 
Commanding  General,  42nd  Division,  American  Expedition- 
ary Forces." 


[353] 


MAJOR  GENERAL  JAMES  H.  McRAE 

Arrived  in  France,  June  8,  1918 
Commanded  78th  Division,  May  25,  1918. 

Born:  Georgia,  December  24,  1863. 

Distinguished   Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  He  commanded  with  great 
credit  the  Seventy-eighth  Division  in  the  Ar- 
gonne-Meuse  offensive  and  had  an  important 
part  in  that  operation  which  forced  the  enemy 
to  abandon  Grandpre.  In  this  and  other  cam- 
paigns his  personal  influence  on  the  result  ob- 
tained showed  a  rich  quality  of  military  leader- 
ship." G.  O.  12  (January  17,  1919). 


[  357  ] 


CLARENCE  W.  DAWSON,  Mess-Sergeant, 

Company  B,  168th  Infantry, 

42nd  Division. 

Colonel  Wolf,  Chief -of-Staff  of  Dawson's  regiment, 
wrote  of  this  boy  as  follows:  "On  March  5,  1918, 
while  the  42nd  Division  was  in  the  earliest  days  of 
its  tuitionary  period  in  trench  warfare  and  the  168th 
Infantry  was,  in  the  execution  of  this  program,  inter- 
leaved with  the  128th  French  Division,  the  Germans 
attempted  a  large  scale  raid  with  extremely  severe 
artillery  preparation  and  support  near  Badonviller. 
Sergeant  Dawson,  then  a  Corporal,  was  one  of  the 
garrison  of  a  small  combat  group  in  the  front  line 
who  survived  the  bombardment,  during  which  the 
trenches  and  dugouts  of  his  position  were  battered 
in.  Severely  wounded  and  entirely  surrounded,  he 
met  the  Germans  who  were  attempting  to  penetrate 
and  "mop  up"  his  position,  and  with  great  bravery 
and  skill,  assisted  by  a  mere  handful  of  the  sur- 
vivors of  the  garrison,  ejected  all  of  the  raiders  from 
our  lines  and  conclusively  repelled  the  attempted 
raid.  For  his  gallantry  and  courage  on  this  occasion 
he  was  awarded,  upon  recommendation  of  the  French 
division  commander,  the  Croix  de  Guerre." 


[361] 


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''*•*?  j 

'V 

^ 


BRIGADIER  GENERAL  WILLIAM  W.  ATTERBURY 

Arrived  in  France,  August  30,  1917. 
Chief  of  Railroad  Transportation. 

Born:  Indiana,  January  31,  1866. 

Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  As  director  general  of  trans- 
portation, in  the  face  of  almost  insurmountable 
obstacles  he  organized  and  brought  to  a  high 
state  of  efficiency  the  transportation  service  of 
American  Expeditionary  Forces.  The  suc- 
cessful operation  of  this  most  important  serv- 
ice, upon  which  the  movements  and  supply  of 
the  combat  troops  were  dependent,  was  largely 
due  to  his  energy,  foresight,  and  ability." 
G.  O.  12  (January  17,  1919). 


[365] 


••- 


MAJOR  GENERAL  CHARLES  H.  MUIR 

Arrived  in  France,  May  18,  1918. 
Commanded  28th  Division,  May   18,   1918; 
Commanded  4th  Corps,  October  12. 

Born:  Michigan,  July  18,  1860. 

Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services  as  division  and  corps  com- 
mander. Commanding  the  Twenty-eighth 
Division  during  the  Argonne-Meuse  offensive, 
and  especially  in  the  difficult  operations  which 
resulted  in  the  clearing  of  the  Argonne  Forest, 
he  proved  himself  to  be  an  energetic  leader 
of  the  highest  professional  attainments.  As  a 
corps  commander  he  displayed  the  same  fine 
qualities  that  characterized  his  service  with  a 
division."  G.  O.  12  (January  17,  1919). 


["  369  ] 


MAJOR  GENERAL  MARK  L.  HERSEY 

Arrived  in  France,  June  8,  1918,  with  rank  of  Briga- 
dier General. 

Promoted  to  Major  General,  October  1,  1918; 

Commanded  4th  Division,  October  31,  1918. 
Born:  Maine,  December  1,  1863. 
Distinguished   Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  As  a  brigade  commander 
during  the  latter  part  of  the  Meuse-Argonne 
operation  he  exhibited  qualities  of  excellent 
leadership  and  sound  judgment.  His  brigade 
attacked  and  penetrated  the  strong  enemy 
position  of  Bois  des  Loges  and  wrested  this 
strong  point  from  the  enemy.  The  success  of 
his  brigade  in  this  engagament  was  in  a  large 
measure  due  to  his  able  leadership.  Later  he 
commanded  with  distinction  the  4th  Division 
during  its  operations  in  the  occupied  terri- 
tory." G.  O.  62  (May  10,  1919). 


[373] 


A 


JAMES  M.  SYMINGTON,  First  Lieutenant, 

Intelligence  Officer  of  the  1st  Battalion,  23rd  Infantry, 
2nd  Division. 

"Showed  unhesitating  bravery  and  devotion  during 
the  attack  on  the  enemy  June  6,  1918,  near  Chateau- 
Thierry,  when,  the  officers  of  two  platoons  having 
been  killed  and  the  men,  not  knowing  their  objective, 
having  been  thrown  into  great  confusion  and  suffering 
heavy  losses,  he  voluntarily  and  outside  of  his  regular 
duty  rushed  in  front  of  the  firing  line  and  assisted 
in  reorganizing  the  men  and  leading  them  toward  the 
proper  objective;  this  in  the  face  of  artillery  and 
machine-gun  barrage. 

"The  objective  was  taken,  a  small  reverse  changed 
into  a  success  and  the  men  saved  from  useless  de- 
struction." 


BURTON  M.  BAKER,  Private, 

Machine  Gun  Company,  168th  Infantry. 
Baker  began  his  fighting  career  on  the  Lorraine 
front,  near  Badonviller,  on  the  5th  of  March,  1918. 
His  battalion  was  in  the  trenches  for  the  first  time. 
The  enemy  attacked  in  great  strength,  after  heavy 
artillery  preparation.  Most  of  his  comrades  in  his 
unit  were  killed  or  wounded  and  the  oncoming  Boches 
far  outnumbered  the  small  group  of  Americans.  Just 
then  Private  Baker,  by  his  disregard  of  personal 
danger,  showed  a  dashing  example  to  his  remaining 
fellows  and  the  Boche  attack  was  utterly  repulsed. 


[377] 


I 


© 


MAJOR  GENERAL  WILLIAM  WEIGEL 

Arrived  in  France,  May  12,  1918,  with  rank  of  Briga- 
dier  General. 

Promoted  to  Major  General,  August  8,   1918. 
Assignments : 

Commanded  56th  Brigade,   28th  Division ; 
Commanded  88th  Division,  November  5. 
Born:  New  Jersey,  August  25,  1863. 
Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  As  commander  of  a  brigade 
of  the  Twenty-eighth  Division  in  the  fighting 
on  the  Vesle  of  August,  1918,  he  inspired  con- 
fidence by  his  constant  activities  and  his  ag- 
gressive pressing  of  the  enemy  at  every  oppor- 
tunity, which  resulted  in  driving  the  hostile 
forces  across  the  Vesle  northward  toward  the 
Aisne."  G.  O.  12  (January  17,  1919). 


[383] 


V 


BRIGADIER  GENERAL  GEORGE  V.  H.  MOSELEY 

Arrived  in   France,   September,   1917,  with  rank   of 

Colonel. 

Promoted  to  Brigadier  General,  June  26,  1918; 
Assistant  Chief  of  Staff,  G.  H.  Q.,  4th  Section  (Co- 
ordination). 

Born:  Illinois,  September  28,  1874. 
Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  conspicu- 
ous services  as  assistant  chief  of  staff.  He 
handled  with  great  executive  ability  and  rare 
understanding  all  problems  of  equipping  and 
supplying  the  large  numbers  of  American 
troops  arrived  and  operating  in  France,  and 
by  his  large  grasp  of  supply  problems  and 
tireless  energy  he  has  conspicuously  aided  the 
successful  administration  of  the  supply  depart- 
ment." G.  O.  12  (January  17,  1919). 


[  385  ] 


«a 


W^i ,,.)    . 

^Ife 


MAJOR  GENERAL  CHARLES  G.  MORTON 

Arrived  in  France,  June  27,  1918. 
Commanded  29th  Division,  July  6,  1918. 

Born:  Maine,  January  15,  1861. 

Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  He  commanded  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Division  from  the  date  of  its  organiza- 
tion until  the  end  of  hostilities;  and  led  this 
division  with  skill  and  ability  in  the  successful 
operations  east  and  northeast  of  Verdun 
which  forced  the  enemy  to  maintain  this  front 
with  strong  forces,  thus  preventing  an  increase 
of  hostile  strength  between  the  Argonne  and 
the  Meuse."  G.  O.  12  (January  17,  1919). 


[389] 


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BRIG.  GENERAL  MERRIWEATHER  L.  WALKER 

Arrived  in  France,  December  10,  1917,  with  rank  of 

Colonel. 

Promoted  to  Brigadier  General,  June  26,  1918. 
Director    of    Motor    Transport    Corps     ("Gas 

Hounds"). 

Born:  Virginia,  September  30,  1869. 
Distinguished  Service  Medal. 


[393  ] 


DEWEY  HALPHEN,  Private, 

Company  I,  28th  Infantry, 

1st  Division. 

This  boy  received  the  D.  S.  C.  and  the  Croix  de 
Guerre  for  conspicuous  gallantry  in  action  during 
the  capture  and  defense  of  Cantigny,  May  27-31, 
1918.  One  of  his  acts  of  heroism  was  a  knife  duel 
with  one  of  the  enemy  who  had  attacked  him.  Hal- 
phen  succeeded  in  killing  his  attacker.  An  on-looker 
said  that  the  participants  in  the  duel  looked  like 
David  and  Goliath. 

His  citation  as  given  in  General  Orders  99  further 
states  that  Halphen  acted  as  liaison  agent  during  the 
fight  at  Cantigny  with  courageous  disregard  of  his 
own  safety.  In  this  citation  he  is  listed  as  a  private 
of  Company  M,  37th  Infantry. 


CARL  C.  MAYHEW,  First  Lieutenant, 

101st   Infantry, 

26th  Division. 

"For  skill  and  courage  displayed  while  making  a  dar- 
ing patrol  in  the  enemy's  front  line  trenches  on  the 
night  of  May  8,  1918,  resulting  in  the  death  of  two 
German  officers,  and  the  gathering  of  valuable  in- 
formation." 

Lieutenant  Mayhew  participated  in  forty-four  raids 
and  received  three  citations. 
Croix  de  Guerre. 


[397] 


MAJOR  GENERAL  JAMES  W.  McANDREW 

Arrived    in   France,    June    28,    1917,    with    rank    of 
Colonel. 

Promotions : 

Brigadier  General,  August  5,  1917 ; 
Major  General,  April  12,  1918. 

Assignments  : 

Commanded  Army  Schools  at  Langres ; 
Chief  of  Staff,  A.  E.  F.,  May  3,  1918. 

Born :  Pennsylvania,  June  29,  1862. 

Distinguished   Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services  as  chief  of  staff  of  the  Ameri- 
can Expeditionary  Forces.  The  development 
of  the  Army  schools  in  France  is  largely  due 
to  his  marked  ability  as  an  organizer  and  to 
his  brilliant  professional  attainments.  As 
chief  of  staff  of  the  American  Expeditionary 
Forces  during  the  period  of  active  operations, 
he  has  met  every  demand  of  his  important 
position;  by  his  advice  and  decisions  he  has 
materially  contributed  to  the  success  of  these 
forces;  and  he  has  at  all  times  enjoyed  in  full 
the  confidence  of  the  commander-in-chief." 
G.  O.  136  (December  20,  1918). 


[401] 


' 


BRIGADIER  GENERAL  LE  ROY  ELTINGE 

Arrived  in  France,  July  27,  1917,  with  rank  of  Lieu- 
tenant Colonel. 
Promotions : 

Colonel,  August  5,  1917; 
Brigadier  General,  August  1,  1918. 
Deputy  Chief  of  Staff,  G.  H.  Q.,  May  6,  1918. 
Born:  New  York,  September  17,  1872. 
Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  By  his  untiring  efforts,  his 
great  ability,  and  his  devotion  to  duty  he  has 
rendered  most  conspicuous  services  to  the 
Government  as  deputy  chief  of  staff  of  the 
American  Expeditionary  Forces."  G.  O.  12 
(January  17,  1919). 


[405  ] 


GEORGE  W.  PURYEAR,  First  Lieutenant. 

Air  Service,  Pilot. 

Lieutenant  Puryear  was  the  first  American  officer 
to  escape  from  a  German  prison.  He  was  captured 
July  26,  1918,  north  of  Chateau-Thierry,  and  con- 
fined in  four  different  prison  camps  in  Germany. 
He  escaped  the  first  time  from  Friedrichferter  Prison 
Camp,  Rastatt,  August  5th,  and  was  recaptured 
August  8th,  before  getting  out  of  Germany.  He  es- 
caped again  October  6th,  this  time  from  Villingen, 
and  reached  Switzerland  October  llth,  after  swim- 
ming the  Rhine  a  little  below  the  junction  of  the 
Aar.  While  making  his  escape  he  was  shot  at  six 
times,  at  distances  varying  in  range  from  ten  to  fifty 
yards,  and  escaped  being  hit  because  he  ran  at  the 
guard  who  was  shooting  at  him,  instead  of  away  from 
the  guard,  thus,  as  he  had  hoped,  confusing  the  enemy. 


[409] 


MAJOR  GENERAL  FRANK  L.  WINN 

Arrived    in    France,    June    13,    1918,    with    rank    of 

Brigadier  General. 

Promoted  to  Major  General,  October  1,  1918. 
Commanded  89th  Division,  July  13,  1918. 

Born:  Kentucky,  August  4,  1864. 

Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  As  commander  of  the  177th 
Infantry  Brigade  and  later  of  the  89th  Divi- 
sion, he  displayed  military  attainments  of  a 
high  order  and  achieved  signal  successes.  In 
the  St.  Mihiel  and  Meuse-Argonne  offensives 
he  accompanied  the  assaulting  battalions  and 
placed  them  on  their  objectives,  inspiring  all 
by  his  personal  courage  and  gaining  their  con- 
fidence by  his  exceptional  tactical  skill  and 
ability  as  a  leader.  At  all  times  he  was  tireless 
in  energy,  showing  keen  judgment  and  initia- 
tive in  handling  difficult  situations."  G.  O.  62 
(May  10,  1919). 


[  413  ] 


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CARL  W.  DASCH,  Private, 

Headquarters  Company,  167th  Infantry, 

42nd  Division. 

Captain  Robert  Joerg,  Jr.,  commanding  the  com- 
pany of  which  Dasch  was  a  private,  spoke  of  the 
boy's  distinguished  bravery  and  exceptional  devotion 
to  duty  in  action  near  Croix  Rouge  Farm,  July  26 
to  August  1,  1918,  in  these  words: 
"Private  Carl  W.  Dasch,  during  this  entire  period 
(six  days  and  nights),  while  attached  to  the  Third 
Battalion,  carried  messages  between  the  firing  line 
and  Battalion  Headquarters,  through  heavy  enemy 
shell  fire.  Upon  returning  from  the  firing  line  he 
would  pick  up  a  severely  wounded  man  and  carry 
him  through  and  out  of  the  barrage  to  a  first  aid  sta- 
tion. Finally,  he  was  so  badly  gassed  that  he  could 
not  see,  but  had  to  be  given  a  direct  order  to  report 
to  the  first  aid  station.  During  the  whole  series  of 
engagements,  Private  Dasch  did  not  sleep  and  taxed 
his  physical  endurance  to  the  utmost,  at  all  times 
setting  to  his  comrades  an  example  of  utter  disregard 
of  danger  and  exceptional  devotion  to  duty." 
Distinguished  Service  Cross. 


[417] 


MAJOR  GENERAL  SAMUEL  D.   STURGIS 

Arrived  in  France,  September  10,  1918. 
Assignments  : 

Commanded  87th  Division; 

Commanded  80th  Division,  November  19,  1918. 
Born:  Missouri,   August   1,   1861. 


[421] 


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WILLIAM  HERREN,  First  Sergeant, 

Machine  Gun  Company,  58th  Infantry. 
"For   extraordinary   heroism   in   action   near   Ville- 
Savoye,  August  7/1918." 

This  soldier  showed  great  bravery  and  devotion  to 
duty  throughout  this  action.  On  the  morning  of 
August  7,  1918,  Herren  supplied  the  Company  with 
spare  machine-guns  and  ammunition  through  a 
deadly  artillery  barrage  after  several  carrying  details 
had  failed  to  get  through.  The  company  had  lost 
four  machine-guns  and  was  practically  without  am- 
munition at  this  time.  After  distributing  machine- 
guns  and  ammunition  to  the  different  platoons  under 
terrific  machine-gun  fire,  he  showed  extraordinary 
heroism  by  pushing  forward  on  the  right  flank  with 
a  captured  light  German  Maxim  machine-gun  and 
repulsing  a  counter-attack.  At  this  time  the  bat- 
talion on  the  right  flank  had  fallen  back,  leaving  that 
flank  unprotected.  Sergeant  Herren  showed  com- 
plete disregard  for  personal  safety  and  displayed 
great  resourcefulness  throughout  the  entire  action. 
Sergeant  Herren's  gas  mask  is  exhibited  in  the  paint- 
ing, because  he  wished  to  be  "taken"  with  his  "best 
friend." 
Distinguished  Service  Cross. 


[425] 


m 


BRIGADIER  GENERAL  AVERY  D.  ANDREWS 

Arrived  in  France,  December  1,  1917,  with  rank  of 

Colonel. 

Promoted   to  Brigadier  General,  October   13,   1918. 
Assistant  Chief  of  Staff,  Chief  of  First  Section  (Ad- 
ministration), G.  H.  Q. 
Born:  New  York,  April  4,  1864. 
Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services  as  assistant  chief  of  staff, 
American  Expeditionary  Forces.  He  has 
rendered  most  efficient  service  in  connection 
with  the  organization  and  administration  of 
the  transportation  department  of  the  Ameri- 
can Army  in  France  and  as  deputy  chief  of 
utilities  in  the  services  of  supply.  Later,  with 
marked  ability,  he  headed  the  important  ad- 
ministrative section  of  the  general  staff  of  the 
American  Expeditionary  Forces."  G.  O.  12 
(January  17,  1919). 


[429] 


MAJOR  GENERAL  WILLIAM  LASSITER 

At  commencement   of  war  was   on  duty   as  Military 
Attache  in  London. 

Promotions : 

Brigadier  General,  August  5,  1917 ; 
Major  General,  August  8,  1918. 

Assignments : 

Commanded  51st  Field  Artillery  Brigade,  26th  Divi- 
sion, November,  1917; 

Chief  of  Artillery,  1st  Army  Corps,  May,  1918; 
Chief  of  Artillery,  4th  Army  Corps,  August,  1918 ; 
Chief  of  Artillery,  2nd  Army,  October,  1918 ; 
Later  commanded  32nd  Division  in  Army  of  Occu- 
pation. 

Born:  Virginia,  September  29,  1867. 

Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  As  commander  of  the  Fifty- 
first  Field  Brigade,  as  chief  of  Artillery  of  the 
First  and  Fourth  Army  Corps  in  turn,  and  as 
chief  of  Artillery,  Second  Army,  he  showed 
himself  to  be  a  leader  of  conspicuous  ability. 
His  energy  and  sound  judgment  influenced 
greatly  the  successful  operations  of  his  com- 
mands on  the  Vesle,  at  the  St.  Mihiel  salient, 
and  in  the  Toul  sector.  He  later  commanded 
with  skill  and  a  marked  success  the  Thirty- 
second  Infantry  Division."  G.  O.  12  (Janu- 
ary 17,  1919). 


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WILLIAM  A.  SNOW,  Major, 

Corps  of  Engineers. 

2nd  Division. 

Arrived  in  France  September,  1917,  as  Captain,  Co. 
E,  2nd  Engineers,  2nd  Division. 
He  was  cited  four  times  in  Division  orders  and  twice 
recommended  for  the  Distinguished  Service  Cross. 
He  went  into  the  line  first  at  Verdun,  March,  1918. 
When  the  British  were  attacked  by  the  Bodies  in  the 
vicinity  of  Beauvais,  in  April,  he  was  with  them.  He 
received  his  majority  in  time  to  be  in  command  of 
a  battalion  at  Chateau-Thierry.  His  battalion  acted 
as  Infantry  and  as  Engineers.  During  this  period 
he  was  wounded  twice — once  on  June  12th,  in  the 
famous  attack  on  the  Bois  de  Belleau,  and  once  on 
July  5th  while  working  on  wire  entanglements.  He 
was  again  in  the  fighting  in  the  line  south  of  Soissons 
in  the  Allied  Counter  Offensive  beginning  July  18th. 
His  regiment  had  the  Croix  de  Guerre  pinned  on  its 
colors  for  its  work  in  this  fight.  At  Pont-a-Mousson 
he  was  again  engaged  on  trench  and  wire  entangle- 
ments and  later  participated  in  the  St.  Mihiel  Drive. 
His  battalion  for  its  work  at  Chateau-Thierry  was 
cited  by  General  Harbord  and  by  General  Bundy. 


JOHN  W.  STEWART,  Lieutenant  Colonel, 

Corps  of  Engineers, 

3rd  Division. 

Arrived  in  France  as  Major  of  the  6th  Engineers, 
3rd  Division,  December,   1917. 

After  participating  in  several  operations  on  the  Brit- 
ish front,  he  with  his  regiment  joined  the  Third  Divi- 


[437] 


sion  under  General  Dickman,  participating  in  the 
counter-offensive  against  the  Germans  July  15,  1918. 
He  carried  out  special  operations,  building  bridges 
for  the  Infantry  out  of  captured  German  pontoons 
and  trestle  bridges  for  heavy  artillery,  which  made 
possible  the  crossing  of  the  Marne.  After  the  Vesle, 
he  participated  in  the  reduction  of  St.  Mihiel;  later, 
in  the  American  advance  between  the  Argonne  and 
the  Meuse,  he  was  second  in  command  of  his  regiment, 
carrying  out  its  special  operations  in  the  building 
of  bridges  on  the  Marne  at  Mezy  and  Joulgonne. 
Practically  all  of  his  work  was  done  under  heavy 
fire  and  he  was  many  times  mentioned  in  orders  for 
his  intrepidity  and  extraordinary  efficiency  in  action. 


RICHARD  T.   SMITH,  Major, 

117th  Field  Battalion,  Signal  Corps, 

"Before  daylight  on  the  morning  of  March  17,  1918, 
sixty-nine  men  of  the  117th  Field  Battalion  Signal 
Corps,  in  charge  of  Captain  Richard  T.  Smith,  were 
constructing  communication  lines  in  the  vicinity  of 
Fort  de  Manonvilles,  France.  Between  five  and  six 
o'clock  a  violent  bombardment  of  this  section  was 
started  by  the  enemy.  Private  Wilbur  Wilkerson, 
Company  A,  was  mortally  wounded,  Private  William 
Walter,  Company  B,  was  wounded  in  the  back,  and 
several  were  knocked  to  the  ground  by  shells  explod- 
ing near  them. 

"Captain  Smith  conducted  the  men  to  a  place  of 
safety  and  while  under  fire  returned  and  carried  Pri- 
vate Wilkerson  to  a  dugout.  The  clothing  of  Cap- 
tain Smith  was  wet  with  blood  of  the  wounded  man, 
and  he  fell  exhausted  when  he  reached  the  dugout." 
Distinguished  Service  Cross. 

[439] 


HENRY  E.  BUNCH,  Major, 

Medical  Corps,  168th  Infantry, 

"For  extraordinary  heroism  in  action  near  the  Bois 
de  Chatillon,  October  13-16,  1918. 
"During  the  advance  of  his  regiment  in  the  Verdun 
sector  Captain  Bunch  established  aid  stations  at 
points  as  far  advanced  as  possible  and  supervised 
them  throughout  the  combat,  working  continuously, 
tirelessly  and  fearlessly  without  food  or  rest.  On 
October  14th  this  officer  went  out  in  advance  of  the 
front  line  to  reconnoiter  a  site  for  an  aid  station  and 
an  ambulance  route.  Seeing  a  wounded  officer  lying 
about  300  meters  from  the  enemy's  line,  he  went  to 
his  rescue  and  carried  him  through  terrific  machine- 
gun  and  rifle  fire  to  a  shell  hole,  where  he  administered 
first  aid,  in  entire  disregard  of  his  own  safety." 
Distinguished  Service  Cross. 


GEORGE  L.  WATSON,  Lieutenant  Colonel, 

General  Staff  Headquarters, 

3rd  Army. 

Watson,  as  Captain  commanding  Company  B,  30th 
Engineers  (Offensive  Gas)  was  attached  to  the  1st 
British  Army.  Later  he  was  in  command  of  the 
1st  Battalion,  30th  Engineers,  attached  to  the  8th 
French  Army.  As  Major  commanding  the  1st  Bat- 
talion, he  was  attached  to  the  First  Army  Corps  and 
the  4th  Army  Corps,  A.  E.  F.  After  the  signing 
of  the  Armistice  he  was  detailed  to  the  General  Staff 
and  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Lieutenant  Colonel,  on 
the  General  Staff  of  the  3rd  Army. 
He  was  wounded  three  times  and  mentioned  in  Or- 


[  443  1 


ders  five  times.  He  was  awarded  many  decorations, 
French,  English,  Belgian,  Portuguese  and  American. 
The  Legion  of  Honor  and  the  Croix  de  Guerre  with 
Palm  were  awarded  him  "For  his  success  in  carrying 
out  the  first  American  Gas  Projector  Attack  against 
the  Germans  and  standing  for  two  hours  in  gas  which 
the  Germans  had  thrown." 


MAJOR  GENERAL  WILLIAM  R.  SMITH 

Arrived  in  France,  July  31,  1918. 

Commanded  36th  Division,  August  3,  1918. 
Born:  Tennesse,  April  2,  1868. 

The  36th  Division  fought  with  the  Fourth  French 
Army. 

"The  36th  Division,  U.  S.  A.,  recently  organized, 
and  still  not  fully  equipped,  received,  during  the 
night  of  the  6th  of  October,  the  order  to  relieve, 
under  conditions  particularly  delicate,  the  2nd  Divi- 
sion, to  drive  out  the  enemy  from  the  heights  to  the 
north  of  St.  Atienne-a-Arnes,  and  to  push  him  back 
to  the  Aisne.  Although  being  under  fire  for  the  first 
time,  the  young  soldiers  of  General  Smith,  rivalling 
in  push  and  tenacity  the  older  valiant  regiments  of 
General  Lejeune,  accomplished  their  mission  fully. 
All  can  be  proud  of  the  work  done.  To  all,  the  Gen- 
eral commanding  the  Army  Corps  is  happy  to  ex- 
press his  cordial  appreciation,  gratitude,  and  best 
wishes  for  future  success.  The  past  is  assurance  of 
the  future.— General  Naulin."  G.  O.  of  the  21st 
French  Army  Corps. 


[  447  ] 


BRIGADIER  GENERAL  HARRY  A.  SMITH 

Arrived  in  France,  November  25,  1917,  with  rank  of 
Colonel. 

Promoted  to  Brigadier  General,  June  26,  1918. 
Assignments : 

Commanded  Army  Schools  at  Langres,  May  1,  1918 ; 
In  charge  of  Civil  Affairs  in  German  occupied  terri- 
tory, December  1. 
Born:  Kansas,  June  18,  1866. 
Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  He  rendered  most  conspicu- 
ous service  as  commandant  of  the  Army 
schools  at  Langres,  France,  the  success  of 
which  was,  in  a  large  measure,  due  to  his  vision, 
zeal,  and  administrative  ability.  He  later 
showed  marked  executive  ability  as  officer  in 
charge  of  the  administration  of  civil  affairs 
in  the  German  territory  occupied  by  the  Amer- 
ican Army."  G.  O.  12  (January  17,  1919). 


[451] 


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MAJOR  GENERAL  ERNEST  HINDS 

Arrived  in  France,  October   5,   1917,  with   rank  of 

Brigadier  General. 

Promoted  to  Major  General,  April  12,  1918. 
Assignments : 

Commanded  Field  Artillery  Schools  at  Saumur; 
Commanded  First  Corps  Artillery  at  Souge; 
Commanded  First    Army    Artillery,    February    26, 

1918; 

Chief  of  Artillery,  A.  E.  F. 
Born:  Alabama,  August  18,  1864. 
Distinguished   Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services  as  chief  of  Artillery,  First 
Army  Corps;  commanding  general,  Army  Ar- 
tillery, of  the  First  American  Army,  and  as 
chief  of  Artillery,  American  Expeditionary 
Forces.  He  perfected  and  successfully  di- 
rected the  organization  and  training  of  the 
Artillery  of  the  American  Army  in  France." 
G.  O.  12  (January  17,  1919). 


[455] 


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BRIGADIER  GENERAL  HAROLD  B.  FISKE 

Arrived  in  France,  August  28,  1917,  with  rank  of 
Lieutenant  Colonel. 
Promotions : 

Colonel,  January  22,  1918; 

Brigadier  General,  June  26,  1918; 

Assistant  Chief  of  Staff,  G.  H.  Q.,  Chief  of  Fifth 

Division  (Training). 
Born:  Oregon,  November  6,  1871. 
Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  In  charge  of  the  training 
section  of  the  General  Staff,  this  brilliant  offi- 
cer perfected  and  administered  the  efficient 
scheme  of  instruction  through  which  the  Amer- 
ican Army  in  France  was  thoroughly  trained 
for  combat  in  the  shortest  possible  time.  By 
his  great  depth  of  vision,  his  foresight,  and 
his  clear  conception  of  modern  tactical  train- 
ing he  has  enabled  our  forces  to  enter  each 
engagement  with  that  preparedness  and  effi- 
ciency that  have  distinguished  the  American 
Army  in  each  battle."  G.  O.  12  (January 
17,  1919). 


[459] 


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WHITNEY  D.  SHERMAN,  Corporal, 

18th  Company,  5th  Regiment,  Marines, 
2nd  Division. 

His  Captain,  John  R.  Foster,  said  "Sherman  was 
wounded  in  action  at  Belleau  Woods,  June  10,  1918. 
This  man  is  a  typical  marine  and  showed  himself  to 
be  a  brave  and  valiant  soldier  at  the  Battle  of  Belleau 
Woods,  now  known  as  the  Bois  de  la  Brigade  de 
Marines.  It  was  such  brave  and  gallant  men  as 
Corporal  Sherman  proved  himself  to  be  who  won  the 
great  battle." 


[463] 


BRIGADIER  GENERAL  MALIN  CRAIG 

Arrived  in  France,  October  5,   1917,  with   rank   of 

Lieutenant  Colonel. 
Promotions : 

Colonel,  February  6,  1918; 
Brigadier  General,  June  26,  1918. 
Assignments : 

Chief  of  Staff,  5th  Division,  October  17,  1918; 
Chief  of  Staff,  1st  Army  Corps; 
Chief  of  Staff,  3rd  Army,  November,  1918. 
Born:  Missouri,  August  5,  1875. 
Distinguished   Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  He  served  in  turn  as  chief 
of  staff  of  a  division,  a  corps,  and  an  army, 
in  each  of  which  capacities  he  exhibited  great 
ability.  His  personal  influence,  aggressive- 
ness, and  untiring  efforts  were  repeatedly  dis- 
played in  the  operations  of  the  First  Corps  in 
the  vicinity  of  Chateau-Thierry,  on  the  Ourcq, 
and  the  Vesle  during  the  St.  Mihiel  and  Ar- 
gonne-Meuse  offensives."  G.  O.  12  (January 
17,  1919). 


[467] 


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BRIGADIER  GENERAL   GEORGE   S.   GIBBS 

Arrived  in  France,  October  13,  1917. 
Assistant  Chief  Signal  Officer. 

Born:  Iowa,  December  14,  1875. 

Distinguished   Service  Medal. 

'Tor  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  As  assistant  to  the  chief  sig- 
nal officer,  American  Expeditionary  Forces, 
much  of  the  efficiency  of  the  Signal  Service 
in  the  zone  of  advance  was  due  to  his  splendid 
ability  and  to  his  skill  in  the  handling  of  the 
tactical  and  technical  operations  of  the  Signal 
Corps  organizations  attached  to  the  service  at 
the  front."  G.  O.  59  (May  3,  1919). 

BRIGADIER  GENERAL  EDWARD  L.  KING 

Arrived  in  France,  October  5,   1917,  with  rank  of 

Lieutenant  Colonel. 
Promotions : 

Colonel,  November  5,  1917 ; 
Brigadier  General,  June  2,  1918. 
Assignments : 

Chief  of  Staff,  28th  Division,  August  25,  1917; 
Commanded  65th  Brigade,  33rd  Division,  August  1, 

1918. 

Born:  Massachusetts,  December  5,  1873. 
Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  He  served,  with  marked  dis- 
tinction, as  chief  of  staff  of  the  28th  Division. 
Later,  as  brigadier  commander,  he  planned 
and  directed  the  operations  resulting  in  the 
capture  by  the  65th  Infantry  Brigade  of  Cha- 
teau d'Aulnois  and  Marcheville,  where  he  dis- 
played great  tactical  skill  and  demonstrated 
his  abilities  as  a  commander."  G.  O.  59  (May 
3,  1919). 

[471] 


COLONEL  ARTHUR  L.  CONGER 

Arrived  in  France,  May,  1917,  with  rank  of  Major. 

Promotions : 

Lieutenant  Colonel,  August  5,  1917 ; 
Colonel,  July  30,  1918. 

Assignments : 

Second  Section,  General  Staff,  G.  H.  Q. ; 
Commanded  56th  Brigade. 

Born:  Ohio,  January  30,  1872. 

Distinguished  Service  Medal. 

"For  exceptionally  meritorious  and  distin- 
guished services.  As  a  member  of  the  Second 
Section,  General  Staff,  General  Headquar- 
ters, by  his  marked  professional  attainments, 
his  zeal,  and  his  sound  judgment  he  contrib- 
uted largely  to  the  successful  operation  of  this 
section.  As  chief  of  the  Second  Section,  Gen- 
eneral  Staff,  of  the  2d  Division,  during  active 
operations,  and  later  as  commander  of  the  56th 
Brigade  of  the  29th  Division  during  the  Ar- 
gonne-Meuse  offensive,  he  demonstrated  his 
great  energy  and  his  clear  conception  of  tac- 
tics." G.  O.  59  (May  3,  1919). 

SENIOR  OFFICERS'  MESS 

Army  of  Occupation : 

Colonel  Alvan  C.  Read,  Inspector  General. 

Lieutenant  Colonel  Robert  G.  Peck,  Assistant  In- 
spector General. 

Major  Charles  H.  Rice,  Assistant  Inspector  General. 

Colonel  Irvin  L.  Hunt,  in  Charge  of  Civil  Affairs. 

Lieutenant  Colonel  Kyle  Rucker,  Judge  Advocate. 

Lieutenant  Colonel  Nat.  B.  Barnwell,  Assistant  Judge 
Advocate. 

Major  Roscoe  D.  Brown,  Personnel  Officer. 

[475] 


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